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Utilização de resíduos sólidos urbanos compostados na fertilização da vinha
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Com o intuito de aumentar o teor de matéria orgânica dos solos vitícolas, reali-zou-se um estudo para avaliar os benefícios e potenciais riscos da utilização de resíduos sólidos urbanos compostados (RSUC) como corretivo orgânico. O estudo decorreu em duas vinhas (Vitis vinífera L.) da região vitivinícola de Lisboa: Quinta do Gradil (QG) (Vilar, Cadaval) e Quinta da Aroeira (QA) (Quebradas, Alcoentre). Em cada local fez-se a aplicação de diferentes Doses de RSUC (0, 5, 10 e 20 t ha-1), em dois anos consecu-tivos: 2018 e 2019. Após a aplicação de 2019, avaliou-se o efeito do RSUC sobre algu-mas propriedades do solo e sobre as plantas.
A aplicação de RSUC provocou um aumento do teor de matéria orgânica do solo – na Quinta da Aroeira, as doses de 10 e 20 t ha-1, aumentaram o teor de MO de 1,10 para 1,98 e 2,13%; e na QG, a dose de 20 t ha-1 de 2,18 para 3,89% -, assim como a melhoria de outros aspetos da fertilidade dos solos, nomeadamente, aumentos nos te-ores de macro e micronutrientes, catiões de troca e capacidade de troca catiónica. Ve-rificaram-se, igualmente, aumentos na condutividade elétrica, no grau de saturação em sódio e no teor de chumbo do solo – na QG, para a dose de 20 t ha-1, apresentou um teor de Pb de 25,44 mg kg-1; que foi significativamente diferente dos teores de Pb cor-respondentes às outras doses de aplicação de RSUC - no entanto, os seus efeitos sobre a qualidade do solo foram negligenciáveis.
Não se verificaram efeitos sobre o estado nutricional das videiras nem sobre a produção de uvas.
Estes resultados demonstraram que a aplicação de RSUC constitui uma prática eficiente no enriquecimento do solo em matéria orgânica e no aumento da disponibili-dade de nutrientes, no contexto de melhoria da fertilidade dos solos e da sustentabili-dade da viticultura nacional.
In order to increase the organic matter content of viticultural soils, a study was carried out to assess the benefits and potential risks of using composted municipal solid waste (MSWC) as an organic amendment. The study took place in two vineyards (Vitis vinifera L.) in the wine region of Lisbon: Quinta do Gradil (QG) (Vilar, Cadaval) and Quinta da Aroeira (QA) (Quebradas, Alcoentre). At each site, different rates of MSWC (0, 5, 10 and 20 t ha-1) were applied in two consecutive years: 2018 and 2019. After the trials, the effects of MSWC on some of the soil properties and on the plants were evalu-ated. The application of MSWC caused an increase in the soil organic matter content - at Quinta da Aroeira, according to doses of 10 and 20 t ha-1, the OM content increased from 1.10 to 1.98 and 2.13%; and at QG, a dose of 20 t ha-1 from 2,18 to 3,89% -, as well as the improvement of other aspects of soil fertility, namely, increases in the levels of macro and micronutrients, exchange cations and cation exchange capacity. There were also increases in electrical conductivity, sodium saturation and lead content in the soil - at QG, for a dose of 20 t ha-1, with a Pb content of 25,44 mg kg-1; which was different from the Pb contents corresponding to the other doses of MSWC - however, its effects on soil quality were negligible. There were no effects on the nutritional status of the vines or on the production of grapes. These results demonstrate that the application of MSWC is an efficient practice in enriching the soil with organic matter and in increasing nutrient availability, in the con-text of improving soil fertility and the sustainability of national viticulture.
In order to increase the organic matter content of viticultural soils, a study was carried out to assess the benefits and potential risks of using composted municipal solid waste (MSWC) as an organic amendment. The study took place in two vineyards (Vitis vinifera L.) in the wine region of Lisbon: Quinta do Gradil (QG) (Vilar, Cadaval) and Quinta da Aroeira (QA) (Quebradas, Alcoentre). At each site, different rates of MSWC (0, 5, 10 and 20 t ha-1) were applied in two consecutive years: 2018 and 2019. After the trials, the effects of MSWC on some of the soil properties and on the plants were evalu-ated. The application of MSWC caused an increase in the soil organic matter content - at Quinta da Aroeira, according to doses of 10 and 20 t ha-1, the OM content increased from 1.10 to 1.98 and 2.13%; and at QG, a dose of 20 t ha-1 from 2,18 to 3,89% -, as well as the improvement of other aspects of soil fertility, namely, increases in the levels of macro and micronutrients, exchange cations and cation exchange capacity. There were also increases in electrical conductivity, sodium saturation and lead content in the soil - at QG, for a dose of 20 t ha-1, with a Pb content of 25,44 mg kg-1; which was different from the Pb contents corresponding to the other doses of MSWC - however, its effects on soil quality were negligible. There were no effects on the nutritional status of the vines or on the production of grapes. These results demonstrate that the application of MSWC is an efficient practice in enriching the soil with organic matter and in increasing nutrient availability, in the con-text of improving soil fertility and the sustainability of national viticulture.
Descrição
Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica. Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia
Palavras-chave
matéria orgânica do solo composto resíduos sólidos urbanos viticultura sustentável agricultura circular soil organic matter compost municipal solid waste sustainable viticulture circular agriculture
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Barbosa, J.S.C.P. Utilização de resíduos sólidos urbanos compostados na fertilização da vinha. Lisboa: ISA-Universidade de Lisboa, 2021. Dissertação de Mestrado
Editora
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa