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Publication
Hidrogéis na limpeza de superfícies pictóricas : uma abordagem mais controlada e sustentável
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
According to Piero Baglioni, hydrogels are a very effective technology for the controlled and non-invasive cleaning of cultural goods. This project focuses on the cleaning of pictorial surfaces, particularly the removal of protective layers (varnishes), using gelled systems, more specifically hydrogels. The research sought to study the characteristics of the polyvinyl alcohol and borax hydrogel, namely the method of preparation, the mechanical, physical and chemical properties, and the behavior after use. The study methodology involved carrying out various analyses and tests on the hydrogel, and two varnished paintings were selected for the application of the hydrogel: two oil paintings on wood, one dating from the 16th century, depicting Saint Helena, and the other, by Manuela Machado, dating from 1959, entitled Saltimbancos. The methodological approach was phased, starting with a bibliographic survey of the history and systems of cleaning in Conservation and Restoration, both of widely discussed principles and those that, being more recent, emphasize the importance of sustainability and the adoption of more controlled and less invasive methodologies in the preservation of cultural heritage. With this bibliographic collection, it was possible to identify the various cleaning protocols implemented in Portugal by the different institutions, making it possible to trace a historical evolution and advance a critical reflection. We went on to characterize the works of art chosen as objects of study, especially their protective layers, as this was an essential step in understanding the composition of the pictorial surfaces that were to be intervened upon and, consequently, ensuring that they were cleaned using the safest and most effective method. After producing and experimenting with gelled systems, the polyvinyl alcohol and borax hydrogel proved to be the most effective and was chosen for cleaning the varnishes and dirt deposited on both paintings.
Description
Keywords
Hidrogéis Álcool Polivínilico-Bórax Limpeza Verniz Sustentabilidade Conservação e restauro Pintura Estudos de caso