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Gestão familiar da asma de crianças e adolescentes
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A asma é uma das doenças crónicas mais comuns na idade pediátrica. A gestão da asma implica o desenvolvimento de um plano de tratamento e a sua aplicação com a participação dos vários elementos da família. Embora a adesão aos diversos componentes do tratamento seja crucial para o controlo da asma, os níveis de adesão mantêm-se baixos.
O objetivo geral deste estudo é caracterizar a gestão familiar da asma de crianças e adolescentes e contribuir para o estudo de validação da Family Asthma Management System Scale (FAMSS), numa amostra portuguesa de famílias de crianças e adolescentes com asma, com idades compreendidas entre os 5 e os 18 anos.
Foram utilizadas as versões portuguesas de quatro questionários: o Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire, o Severity of Chronic Asthma, o Beliefs Medicines Questionnaire e o Mental Health Inventory; e a Entrevista Semiestruturada Family Asthma Management System Scale (FAMSS).
Os resultados indicaram bons indicadores de consistência interna, validade de construto e convergente da FAMSS. Verificaram-se os melhores resultados nas dimensões da FAMSS “Integração da Asma”, “Adesão à Medicação”, “Relação com o Médico” e ”Avaliação de Sintomas”; e os piores resultados na dimensão “Controlo Ambiental”. Não foram encontradas correlações significativas com indicadores de saúde mental. As crianças/adolescentes revelaram melhor adesão ao tratamento nas dimensões “Conhecimentos sobre a Asma”, “Resposta da Criança”, “Relação com o Médico”, “Integração da Asma” e Escala Total.
Os resultados permitem concluir que a utilização da FAMSS nos casos de pior adesão ao tratamento poderá ser um contributo relevante para a intervenção médica, da enfermagem e psicologia.
Asthma is one of the most prevalent pediatric conditions. Asthma management involves the development of a treatment plan and its implementation with the participation of the multiple elements of the family. Although adherence to the diverse treatment components is crucial to asthma control, the adherence levels tend to be low. The main objective of this study is to characterize child and adolescent´s asthma management and to contribute to the validation study of the Family Asthma Management System Scale (FAMSS), in a sample of Portuguese families of 5 to 18 years old children and adolescents with asthma. Were used the Portuguese versions of four questionnaires the structured interview Family Asthma Management System Scale (FAMSS) and of four questionnaires: Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire, Severity of Chronic Asthma, Beliefs About Medicines Questionnaire and Mental Health Inventory. The results showed good indicators of FAMSS´ internal consistency and construct and convergent validity. The best results were verified in the FAMSS dimensions: "Asthma Integration", “Medication Adherence”, “Relation with Health Provider” and “Environmental Control”. No significant correlations were found between FAMSS and child and parent mental health. Children/Adolescents revealed better adherence to the treatment in the dimensions: “Asthma Knowledge”, “Child Response”, “Relation to Health Provider”, “Asthma Integration” and Total Scale. The results allow concluding that the use of the FAMSS in cases of poor adherence to treatment will be a relevant contribution to medical, nursing and psychological interventions.
Asthma is one of the most prevalent pediatric conditions. Asthma management involves the development of a treatment plan and its implementation with the participation of the multiple elements of the family. Although adherence to the diverse treatment components is crucial to asthma control, the adherence levels tend to be low. The main objective of this study is to characterize child and adolescent´s asthma management and to contribute to the validation study of the Family Asthma Management System Scale (FAMSS), in a sample of Portuguese families of 5 to 18 years old children and adolescents with asthma. Were used the Portuguese versions of four questionnaires the structured interview Family Asthma Management System Scale (FAMSS) and of four questionnaires: Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire, Severity of Chronic Asthma, Beliefs About Medicines Questionnaire and Mental Health Inventory. The results showed good indicators of FAMSS´ internal consistency and construct and convergent validity. The best results were verified in the FAMSS dimensions: "Asthma Integration", “Medication Adherence”, “Relation with Health Provider” and “Environmental Control”. No significant correlations were found between FAMSS and child and parent mental health. Children/Adolescents revealed better adherence to the treatment in the dimensions: “Asthma Knowledge”, “Child Response”, “Relation to Health Provider”, “Asthma Integration” and Total Scale. The results allow concluding that the use of the FAMSS in cases of poor adherence to treatment will be a relevant contribution to medical, nursing and psychological interventions.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Núcleo de Psicologia da Saúde e da Doença), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2018
Palavras-chave
Asma Tratamento Pediatria Questionários Teses de mestrado - 2018