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Quando os animais de companhia não são mamíferos: o caso das aves em Portugal
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O presente estudo procura compreender que as relações entre os humanos e suas aves de companhia, mais especificamente os psitaciformes, em Portugal, pois são os terceiros animais de companhia mais comuns depois dos cães e dos gatos.
A metodologia utilizada é o método misto, que consiste numa junção dos métodos qualitativos e quantitativos. Para a metodologia quantitativa recorreu-se à partilha de um inquérito online autoadministrado, partilhado em grupos de Facebook onde os tutores das aves se reúnem (N=86). Para a metodologia qualitativa recorreu-se à entrevista semiestruturada (N=17), realizada pessoalmente e através de métodos digitais como a videochamada. A amostra é por conveniência pelo que os resultados não podem ser generalizados. Também se recorreu a observação direta. A observação tomou lugar no espaço doméstico para a qual fui convidada, durante um encontro entre vários tutores, e durante todas as entrevistas em que as pessoas trouxeram as suas consigo.
Os resultados do presente estudo evidenciam que as aves são vistas como “membros de família”, “filhos” e “amigos”. As aves são os membros da família mais exigentes, e têm a sua própria individualidade e expetativas. Os tutores demonstram uma preocupação considerável pelo bem-estar físico, emocional e psicológico das aves à sua responsabilidade, adaptando as suas rotinas e férias em relação a estas, gastando quantias significantes de dinheiro em cuidados veterinários, e entre outros aspectos. As aves trazem benefícios psicológicos e emocionais aos seus tutores, conseguindo ser fortes aliadas no combate à solidão e depressão. As aves também conseguem ser grandes facilitadoras sociais entre seres humanos.
The present study seeks to understand the relationships between humans and companion birds, more specifically parrots, in Portugal, as they are the most common companion animals after cats and dogs. The methodology used was the mixed method, which consists of qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative research, we shared a self-administered online survey, in several Facebook groups where the bird guardians meet (N=86). For the qualitative methodology, we used the semi-structured interview (N=17), carried out in person, and through digital methods such as video call. We utilized a convenience sample, and therefore these results cannot be generalized. Direct observation was also used. The observation took place in one of the households to which I was invited, during a meeting between tutors, and during all the interviews in which people brought the birds with them. The results of the present study show that birds are seen as “family members”, “children” and “friends”. Birds are the most demanding family members, and they have their own individuality and expectations. Guardians show considerable concern for the birds’ physical, emotional and psychological well-being, adapting their routines and holidays around them, spending significant amounts of money on veterinary care, and more. They bring psychological and emotional benefits to guardians who are responsible for them, being strong allies in the fight against loneliness and depression. Birds can also be great social facilitators amongst human beings.
The present study seeks to understand the relationships between humans and companion birds, more specifically parrots, in Portugal, as they are the most common companion animals after cats and dogs. The methodology used was the mixed method, which consists of qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative research, we shared a self-administered online survey, in several Facebook groups where the bird guardians meet (N=86). For the qualitative methodology, we used the semi-structured interview (N=17), carried out in person, and through digital methods such as video call. We utilized a convenience sample, and therefore these results cannot be generalized. Direct observation was also used. The observation took place in one of the households to which I was invited, during a meeting between tutors, and during all the interviews in which people brought the birds with them. The results of the present study show that birds are seen as “family members”, “children” and “friends”. Birds are the most demanding family members, and they have their own individuality and expectations. Guardians show considerable concern for the birds’ physical, emotional and psychological well-being, adapting their routines and holidays around them, spending significant amounts of money on veterinary care, and more. They bring psychological and emotional benefits to guardians who are responsible for them, being strong allies in the fight against loneliness and depression. Birds can also be great social facilitators amongst human beings.
Descrição
Dissertação para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Antropologia
Palavras-chave
animal de companhia aves psitaciformes antrozoologia