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Ideofones em Santome
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A presente dissertação tem por objetivo apresentar a descrição e análise das propriedades estruturais (sintáticas, morfofonológicas e semântico-pragmáticas) que permitem identificar os ideofones em Santome, um crioulo de base lexical portuguesa falado na ilha de São Tomé e um dos quatro crioulos do Golfo da Guiné.
Os ideofones, também denominados ‘mimetics’ ou ‘expressives’, constituem uma classe de palavras expressivas e performativas que partilham interlinguisticamente um elenco de propriedades prototípicas mais ou menos marcadas (Voeltz & Kilian-Hatz; Childs 1994; Dingemanse 2011). Tendo como ponto de partida esta assunção e as considerações e dados presentes nos primeiros estudos onde inicialmente foram referenciados os ideofones em Santome (Valkhoff 1966; Ferraz 1979), procurou-se com este trabalho apresentar uma revisão bibliográfica acerca da ideofonia nas línguas do mundo, que permitisse compreender a multiplicidade de formas e comportamentos linguísticos destes itens (Parte II), e desenvolver uma análise e discussão mais alargada dos ideofones em Santome (Parte III). Os dados revelaram que a propriedade mais extensível, i.e., que se aplica a todo o inventário ideofónico, consiste na relação formal e semântica que estes elementos estabelecem com uma base lexical pré-determinada. Assim, ideofones integram exclusivamente unidades lexicalizadas, cujo comportamento sintático-semântico apresenta, tendencialmente, um elevado grau de lexicalização. No que diz respeito às propriedades morfofonológicas, discutiu-se os formatos morfológicos inerentemente reduplicados e propriedades suprassegmentais particulares relativas à localização variável das proeminências prosódicas, ao alongamento vocálico e à extensão de palavra. Por fim, algumas correspondências icónicas foram identificadas, revelando que os ideofones são elementos que geralmente podem sugerir, representar ou evocar aspetos sensoriais ou suprassensoriais do evento ou estado a que aludem.
The aim of this dissertation is to present a description and analysis of some of the structural properties that allow us to identify the ideophones in Santome, a Portuguese-based creole spoken on the island of São Tomé and one of the four Gulf of the Guinea creoles. Ideophones, which are also known as ‘mimetics’ or ‘expressives’, form a class of expressive and performative words that share a set of marked prototypical properties (Voeltz & Kilian-Hatz; Childs 1994; Dingemanse 2011). Considering this assumption and on the basis of the data and the analysis present in the first studies where ideophones in Santome were initially referenced (Valkhoff 1966; Ferraz 1979), this work attempts presents an overview of the bibliography on ideophony in the languages of the world in order to understand the multiplicity of linguistic forms and behaviors of these items (Part II) and to develop an analysis and a broader discussion of the properties that characterize and distinguish these words in Santome (Part III).The data reveal that the most extensive property, i.e., the one that applies to the full ideophonic inventory, is the formal and semantic relation that these elements establish with a particular lexical base. Therefore, ideophones integrate units whose syntactic and semantic behavior shows a tendency toward a high degree of lexicalization. With respect to their morphophonological properties, we discuss the inherently reduplicated morphological templates and suprasegmental properties in relation to the variable location of the prosodic prominence, vowel lengthening and word length. Finally, some iconic correspondences were identified, revealing that ideophones are words thatgenerally suggest, represent or evoke sensorial or suprasensorial aspects of the event or state to which they refer.
The aim of this dissertation is to present a description and analysis of some of the structural properties that allow us to identify the ideophones in Santome, a Portuguese-based creole spoken on the island of São Tomé and one of the four Gulf of the Guinea creoles. Ideophones, which are also known as ‘mimetics’ or ‘expressives’, form a class of expressive and performative words that share a set of marked prototypical properties (Voeltz & Kilian-Hatz; Childs 1994; Dingemanse 2011). Considering this assumption and on the basis of the data and the analysis present in the first studies where ideophones in Santome were initially referenced (Valkhoff 1966; Ferraz 1979), this work attempts presents an overview of the bibliography on ideophony in the languages of the world in order to understand the multiplicity of linguistic forms and behaviors of these items (Part II) and to develop an analysis and a broader discussion of the properties that characterize and distinguish these words in Santome (Part III).The data reveal that the most extensive property, i.e., the one that applies to the full ideophonic inventory, is the formal and semantic relation that these elements establish with a particular lexical base. Therefore, ideophones integrate units whose syntactic and semantic behavior shows a tendency toward a high degree of lexicalization. With respect to their morphophonological properties, we discuss the inherently reduplicated morphological templates and suprasegmental properties in relation to the variable location of the prosodic prominence, vowel lengthening and word length. Finally, some iconic correspondences were identified, revealing that ideophones are words thatgenerally suggest, represent or evoke sensorial or suprasensorial aspects of the event or state to which they refer.
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Língua são-tomense - Ideofones Teses de mestrado - 2017