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A questão acerca de como tornar o processo mais eficiente tem sido cada vez mais debatida e discutida. Há, no meio social, a percepção de que, para que o direito fundamental de acesso à justiça seja efetivamente garantido, é preciso dotar o processo da devida eficiência. Sob essa perspectiva, várias perguntas surgem e se apresentam. Qual a importância da eficiência, enquanto valor, para o processo civil? Seria ela um princípio processual e, em o sendo, qual seria a sua natureza? Um princípio apenas e tão somente instrumental, é dizer, um princípio que convive, consoante as circunstâncias, com várias gradações, procurando otimizações pontuais do processo, ou, ao contrário, um princípio estruturante, é dizer, um princípio conatural e indispensável ao processo, em torno do qual ele se estrutura? Instituindo um dever de adotar comportamentos necessários à realização de um estado de coisas e inversamente o dever de efetivação de um estado de coisas pela adoção dos comportamentos a ele necessários, qual seria o conteúdo da eficiência e como ela se concretizaria no processo civil? Quando se realça e se põe em evidência essa preocupação em extrair do processo, enquanto instrumento pelo qual a jurisdição atua, o máximo de proveito possível quanto à obtenção dos resultados propostos, servindo-se, para tanto, muito especialmente da Análise Econômica do Direito, busca-se alcançar o que pode ser denominado de processo civil de resultados, ou seja, um processo que propicia a quem tem um direito, na medida do que lhe seja devido, tudo aquilo e precisamente aquilo a que ele tem direito. E isso em prazo razoável e com o menor dispêndio possível dos recursos envolvidos na prestação da jurisdição.
The issue regarding how to make process more efficient has been increasingly debated and discussed. There is, in the social environment, the perception that, for guarantee of the fundamental right of access to justice, it is necessary to provide process with due efficiency. From this perspective, several questions arise. What is the importance of efficiency, as a value, for civil procedure? Would it be a procedural principle and, if so, what would be its nature? A purely instrumental principle, that is to say, a principle that coexists, depending on the circumstances, with various gradations, seeking punctual optimizations of the process, or, on the contrary, a structuring principle, that is to say, a co-natural and indispensable principle to the process, around which it is structured? By instituting a duty to adopt some behaviors in order to accomplish a state of affairs and, conversely, the duty to carry out a state of affairs by adopting some behaviors, what would be the content of efficiency and how would it materialize in civil proceedings? When this concern in extracting from the process, as an instrument through which the jurisdiction acts, the maximum possible advantage in terms of obtaining the proposed results is highlighted, using, for that purpose, very especially the tools of Law and Economics, we can achieve what can be called a civil process of results, that is, a process that provides those who have a right, to the extend that they are owed, with everything and precisely what they are entitled to. And this in a reasonable length of time and with the lowest possible expenditure of the resources involved in providing jurisdiction.
The issue regarding how to make process more efficient has been increasingly debated and discussed. There is, in the social environment, the perception that, for guarantee of the fundamental right of access to justice, it is necessary to provide process with due efficiency. From this perspective, several questions arise. What is the importance of efficiency, as a value, for civil procedure? Would it be a procedural principle and, if so, what would be its nature? A purely instrumental principle, that is to say, a principle that coexists, depending on the circumstances, with various gradations, seeking punctual optimizations of the process, or, on the contrary, a structuring principle, that is to say, a co-natural and indispensable principle to the process, around which it is structured? By instituting a duty to adopt some behaviors in order to accomplish a state of affairs and, conversely, the duty to carry out a state of affairs by adopting some behaviors, what would be the content of efficiency and how would it materialize in civil proceedings? When this concern in extracting from the process, as an instrument through which the jurisdiction acts, the maximum possible advantage in terms of obtaining the proposed results is highlighted, using, for that purpose, very especially the tools of Law and Economics, we can achieve what can be called a civil process of results, that is, a process that provides those who have a right, to the extend that they are owed, with everything and precisely what they are entitled to. And this in a reasonable length of time and with the lowest possible expenditure of the resources involved in providing jurisdiction.
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Keywords
Processo civil Análise Econômica do Direito Princípio da eficiência Duração razoável do processo Economia processual Civil Procedure Law and Economics Efficiency principle Reasonable length of proceedings Procedural economy