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Criminal compliance como instrumento de tutela ambiental : a propósito da responsabilidade penal de empresas
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Este trabalho pretende confirmar se os programas de criminal compliance podem ser considerados instrumentos jurídicos de proteção ambiental. Para tanto, busca fundamentação no entorno destes mecanismos, a partir dos motivos que deram causa ao seu surgimento, dos seus objetivos no âmbito da responsabilidade penal de entes coletivos, destacando quais organizações (privadas e/ou públicas) têm condições de implementá-los e quais não estão aptas, dos seus limites de alcance judicial em função dos diferentes modelos de responsabilização criminal de empresas, bem como dos requisitos para que sejam considerados programas efetivos na prevenção de riscos gerados pelas próprias empresas e no fomento da ética. Estes requisitos são analisados de forma individualizada no trabalho, com o escopo de identificá-los, na medida do possível, com medidas de cunho ecológico. Pontos de encontro entre os programas de criminal
compliance com as técnicas de proteção ecológica são pesquisados nos fatores que lhes deram origem e nas consequências da sua implementação, no intuito de justificar a correlação com a proteção do ambiente - notadamente no que diz com o fenômeno da autoregulação (como uma das causas) e com a constatação de que as empresas podem servir como meio de disseminação da conscientização ambiental, especialmente através das arestas de desenvolvimento da própria ética empresarial (como uma das consequências).
The aim of this work is to assess whether criminal compliance programs can be considered legal instruments for environmental protection. In order to do so, it searches justifications in the foundations of criminal compliance programs, analyzing: the background that led to their development; their goals within the criminal liability of collective entities, highlighting the types of organizations (private and/or public) that are able to implement them and those that cannot; the range of their judicial reach depending on different models of corporate criminal liability; and the requirements to consider this type of programs effective in the prevention of risks generated by companies themselves, as well as in the promotion of business ethics. The analysis of these requirements is undertaken individually, to allow for the identification, as far as possible, with ecologically oriented measures. Points of synergy between criminal compliance programs and environmental protection techniques are researched in the origins of these instruments, as well as in the consequences of their implementation. Special attention is devoted to the self-regulation phenomenon (as a cause) and to the fact that companies can serve as means to spread environmental awareness, especially through the development of their own business ethics (as a consequence).
The aim of this work is to assess whether criminal compliance programs can be considered legal instruments for environmental protection. In order to do so, it searches justifications in the foundations of criminal compliance programs, analyzing: the background that led to their development; their goals within the criminal liability of collective entities, highlighting the types of organizations (private and/or public) that are able to implement them and those that cannot; the range of their judicial reach depending on different models of corporate criminal liability; and the requirements to consider this type of programs effective in the prevention of risks generated by companies themselves, as well as in the promotion of business ethics. The analysis of these requirements is undertaken individually, to allow for the identification, as far as possible, with ecologically oriented measures. Points of synergy between criminal compliance programs and environmental protection techniques are researched in the origins of these instruments, as well as in the consequences of their implementation. Special attention is devoted to the self-regulation phenomenon (as a cause) and to the fact that companies can serve as means to spread environmental awareness, especially through the development of their own business ethics (as a consequence).
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Direito penal do ambiente Tutela ambiental Responsabilidade penal Protecção do ambiente Teses de mestrado - 2016