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Esta investigação examina as diferentes perspetivas jurídicas e filosóficas relacionadas com a proteção dos direitos humanos na China e no Ocidente, com ênfase numa análise comparativa entre ambas. O estudo explora o conceito e a evolução histórica dos direitos humanos na China, desde as influências do confucionismo até às reformas contemporâneas, contrapondo-as aos princípios universais predominantes no Ocidente. Através de uma metodologia documental e comparativa, são analisadas as distinções entre os sistemas de proteção, as tensões entre soberania estatal e universalidade dos direitos humanos, e o impacto das reformas económicas e sociais na China, incluindo o conceito de "prosperidade moderada". O trabalho também destaca o papel de doutrinadores e ativistas chineses na promoção dos direitos humanos. Conclui-se que uma integração equilibrada entre as perspetivas chinesa e ocidental pode enriquecer o sistema internacional de direitos humanos, promovendo uma visão mais inclusiva e adaptada às diferentes realidades culturais e históricas.
This research examines the different legal and philosophical perspectives on human rights protection in China and the West, focusing on a comparative analysis of both. The study explores the concept and historical evolution of human rights in China, highlighting influences such as Confucianism and contemporary reforms, in contrast with the universal principles predominant in the West. The research analyzes distinctions between protection systems, tensions between state sovereignty and universality of human rights, and the impact of economic and social reforms in China, including the concept of "moderate prosperity." It also discusses the role of Chinese scholars and activists in promoting fundamental rights. The study concludes that integrating Chinese and Western approaches can contribute to the enrichment of the international human rights system, fostering a more inclusive perspective adapted to distinct cultural and historical realities.
This research examines the different legal and philosophical perspectives on human rights protection in China and the West, focusing on a comparative analysis of both. The study explores the concept and historical evolution of human rights in China, highlighting influences such as Confucianism and contemporary reforms, in contrast with the universal principles predominant in the West. The research analyzes distinctions between protection systems, tensions between state sovereignty and universality of human rights, and the impact of economic and social reforms in China, including the concept of "moderate prosperity." It also discusses the role of Chinese scholars and activists in promoting fundamental rights. The study concludes that integrating Chinese and Western approaches can contribute to the enrichment of the international human rights system, fostering a more inclusive perspective adapted to distinct cultural and historical realities.
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Direitos humanos Protecção jurídica Ocidente Análise comparativa China Teses de mestrado - 2025 Human rights Legal protection West China Comparative analysis
