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Crenças sexuais disfuncionais nos estádios do modelo transteórico de mudança
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A pesquisa na área da sexualidade no último século mostrou que o papel das crenças é
essencial no desenvolvimento de disfunções sexuais. No entanto, ainda que se saiba que as
crenças se alteram ao longo do processo de mudança do indivíduo, e tal esteja estudado em
outros domínio da promoção de comportamentos de saúde, desconhece-se como é que as
crenças sexuais se modificam. Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as crenças sexuais
nos diferentes estádios no Modelo Transteórico da Mudança de Prochaska e DiClemente para
o consequente tratamento das disfunções sexuais encontradas. Um total de 54 participantes
(45 mulheres e 9 homens) com disfunções sexuais diagnosticadas pelo DSM-V responderam a
quatro instrumentos de autorrelato (Questionário sociodemográfico, IIEF/FSFI, BASEF e
Estádios de Mudança). Os resultados indicaram que indivíduos com maior idade e menores
habilitações literárias apresentavam mais crenças de primazia da relação. Além disso,
indivíduos com menores habilitações também apresentavam mais crenças disfuncionais na
globalidade. Orientações sexuais menos heteronormativas apresentaram menos crenças
disfuncionais globais e menos crenças de primazia da relação. A disfuncionalidade das
crenças nos diferentes estádios não foi significativa, mas o tamanho do efeito foi grande,
tendo sido encontradas diferenças nas crenças de contacto anal e desempenho masculino em
estádios mais precoces e diferenças nas crenças sobre dor sexual em estádios mais avançados.
Por fim, ao situar os indivíduos nos estádios de mudança e combinando-os com as crenças
identificadas, torna-se possível uma intervenção não só mais rápida, mas também mais
adequada às necessidades do paciente. Considera-se ainda a necessidade de investigações
futuras em amostras maiores e mais diversificadas, no sentido de melhor entender a presença
e papel das crenças nos diferentes estádios e, assim, possibilitar uma intervenção mais
adaptada a cada indivíduo.
Research in the field of sexuality over the last century has shown that the role of beliefs is essential in the development of sexual dysfunctions. However, despite knowing that beliefs change throughout an individual's process of change, a phenomenon extensively studied in other domains of health behavior promotion, how sexual beliefs evolve remains unknown. This study aimed to explore sexual beliefs at different stages within Prochaska and DiClemente's Transtheoretical Model of Change for the subsequent treatment of identified sexual dysfunctions. A total of 54 participants (45 women and 9 men) diagnosed with sexual dysfunctions according to DSM-V responded to four self-report instruments (Sociodemographic Questionnaire, IIEF/FSFI, BASEF, and Stages of Change). The results indicated that individuals of older age and lower educational attainment had stronger beliefs about the primacy of relationship. Additionally, individuals with lower educational attainment also exhibited more dysfunctional beliefs overall. Less heteronormative sexual orientations were associated with fewer overall dysfunctional beliefs and fewer primacy of relationship beliefs. The dysfunctionality of beliefs at different stages was not statistically significant, but the effect size was substantial, with differences observed in beliefs about anal contact and male performance in earlier stages, and differences in beliefs about sexual pain in more advanced stages. Finally, by situating individuals within the stages of change and aligning them with identified beliefs, it becomes possible to offer interventions that are not only quicker but also more tailored to the patient's needs. Additionally, there is a recognized need for future research in larger and more diverse samples to gain a deeper understanding of the presence and role of beliefs in different stages, enabling interventions better suited to each individual.
Research in the field of sexuality over the last century has shown that the role of beliefs is essential in the development of sexual dysfunctions. However, despite knowing that beliefs change throughout an individual's process of change, a phenomenon extensively studied in other domains of health behavior promotion, how sexual beliefs evolve remains unknown. This study aimed to explore sexual beliefs at different stages within Prochaska and DiClemente's Transtheoretical Model of Change for the subsequent treatment of identified sexual dysfunctions. A total of 54 participants (45 women and 9 men) diagnosed with sexual dysfunctions according to DSM-V responded to four self-report instruments (Sociodemographic Questionnaire, IIEF/FSFI, BASEF, and Stages of Change). The results indicated that individuals of older age and lower educational attainment had stronger beliefs about the primacy of relationship. Additionally, individuals with lower educational attainment also exhibited more dysfunctional beliefs overall. Less heteronormative sexual orientations were associated with fewer overall dysfunctional beliefs and fewer primacy of relationship beliefs. The dysfunctionality of beliefs at different stages was not statistically significant, but the effect size was substantial, with differences observed in beliefs about anal contact and male performance in earlier stages, and differences in beliefs about sexual pain in more advanced stages. Finally, by situating individuals within the stages of change and aligning them with identified beliefs, it becomes possible to offer interventions that are not only quicker but also more tailored to the patient's needs. Additionally, there is a recognized need for future research in larger and more diverse samples to gain a deeper understanding of the presence and role of beliefs in different stages, enabling interventions better suited to each individual.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado, Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica Cognitivo-Comportamental e Integrativa), 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia
Palavras-chave
Crenças sexuais Disfunção sexual Psicologia clínica Intervenção psicológica Dissertações de mestrado - 2023