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Chlamydia trachomatis é um agente bacteriano de infeções em humanos, principalmente associadas ao
sistema ocular e trato genital, com repercussão na saúde pública. Apresenta um ciclo de vida intracelular
obrigatório, replicando-se no interior de um vacúolo, denominado de inclusão. Durante o seu ciclo de
desenvolvimento, a bactéria produz várias proteínas (Incs) que são transportadas para a membrana da
inclusão por um sistema de secreção de tipo III (T3SS), contribuindo para a sua virulência. Neste
trabalho, estudámos a proteína IncM de C. trachomatis, que está envolvida na inibição da citocinese de
células hospedeiras, com o objetivo geral de caracterizá-la para melhor compreender a sua função.
Excluída a hipótese inicial de que a IncM poderia coordenar grupos hemo, trabalhámos na otimização
das condições de purificação de IncM para posterior análise estrutural, por cristalografia de raios X, e
na caracterização de estirpes de C. trachomatis mutantes, produzindo ortólogos de diferentes serovares
de C. trachomatis e espécies de Chlamydia. Os resultados mais relevantes foram a clivagem da cauda
de histidinas localizada no N-terminal da IncM recombinante, com trombina, e a evidência de que a
interferência de IncM na divisão de células hospedeiras é conservada. Finalmente, baseado na possível
homologia estrutural de IncM com proteínas eucarióticas da família bicaudal D (BICD), construíram-se
estirpes de C. trachomatis produzindo IncM mutantes e analisou-se se as regiões mutadas seriam
relevantes na inibição da citocinese de células infetadas, o que abriu também portas a novos estudos
sobre a possível interação de IncM com o citosqueleto e/ou complexo de Golgi. Nesta última abordagem,
a construção e caracterização de uma estirpe de C. trachomatis que produz uma proteína IncM mutante
sem um dos seus quatro domínios “coiled-coil” contribuiu para suportar a ideia de que a localização de
IncM na membrana da inclusão é importante para a sua função.
Chlamydia trachomatis serovars are obligate intracellular human pathogens, causing mainly ocular and genital infections with effects on public health, that replicate within a vacuole termed an inclusion. Throughout the C. trachomatis developmental cycle, several bacterial proteins (Incs) are delivered into the inclusion membrane by a type III secretion system (T3SS), contributing to the virulence of this pathogen. In this project, we studied the molecular and structural biology of C. trachomatis IncM, which is involved in inhibition of host cells cytokinesis, to better understand its function. Once excluding that IncM could bind the heme group, first we worked on optimizing the purification conditions of IncM for further structural analysis by X-ray crystallography; and then, on the characterization of mutant C. trachomatis strains producing orthologs of different C. trachomatis serovars and Chlamydia species. The most relevant results were the cleavage of the N-terminal histidine tail of recombinant IncM protein, with thrombin, and the evidence that IncM interference in host cell division is conserved. Finally, based on possible structural homology with eukaryotic proteins of bicaudal D family (BICD), we constructed C. trachomatis strains producing mutant IncM proteins and it was analyzed whether the mutated regions would be relevant in the inhibition of infected cells cytokinesis, also opening the door to future new studies about the relationship between IncM and cytoskeleton and/or Golgi apparatus. In this last approach, the construction and characterization of a strain of C. trachomatis that produces a mutant IncM protein without one of its four “coiled-coil” domains helped to support the idea that the location of IncM in the inclusion membrane is important for its function.
Chlamydia trachomatis serovars are obligate intracellular human pathogens, causing mainly ocular and genital infections with effects on public health, that replicate within a vacuole termed an inclusion. Throughout the C. trachomatis developmental cycle, several bacterial proteins (Incs) are delivered into the inclusion membrane by a type III secretion system (T3SS), contributing to the virulence of this pathogen. In this project, we studied the molecular and structural biology of C. trachomatis IncM, which is involved in inhibition of host cells cytokinesis, to better understand its function. Once excluding that IncM could bind the heme group, first we worked on optimizing the purification conditions of IncM for further structural analysis by X-ray crystallography; and then, on the characterization of mutant C. trachomatis strains producing orthologs of different C. trachomatis serovars and Chlamydia species. The most relevant results were the cleavage of the N-terminal histidine tail of recombinant IncM protein, with thrombin, and the evidence that IncM interference in host cell division is conserved. Finally, based on possible structural homology with eukaryotic proteins of bicaudal D family (BICD), we constructed C. trachomatis strains producing mutant IncM proteins and it was analyzed whether the mutated regions would be relevant in the inhibition of infected cells cytokinesis, also opening the door to future new studies about the relationship between IncM and cytoskeleton and/or Golgi apparatus. In this last approach, the construction and characterization of a strain of C. trachomatis that produces a mutant IncM protein without one of its four “coiled-coil” domains helped to support the idea that the location of IncM in the inclusion membrane is important for its function.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2022
Palavras-chave
patogénese bacteriana Chlamydia trachomatis proteínas Inc expressão e purificação de proteínas divisão celular Teses de mestrado - 2022
