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Upfront lipid-lowering combination therapy in high cardiovascular risk patients: a route to effectve atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease prevention

2025Journal article Restricted access
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dc.contributor.authorBanach, Maciej
dc.contributor.authorSurma, Stanisław
dc.contributor.authorGuzik, Tomasz J.
dc.contributor.authorPenson, Peter E.
dc.contributor.authorBlaha, Michael J.
dc.contributor.authorPinto, Fausto J.
dc.contributor.authorSperling, Laurence S.
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-01T11:12:18Z
dc.date.available2025-07-01T11:12:18Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved.pt_PT
dc.description.abstractDespite three decades of using statin therapy, 20 years of experience with ezetimbe, and availability of innovative non-statin lipid lowering therapies (LLT), there are still about 70% patients over the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goal, with every 5th to 6th being over the target from the group of very high and extremely high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk patients. Adding another even every 5th patient at very high CVD risk without any LLT makes this situation highly frustrating, especially lipid disorders are the most common CVD risk factor with the prevalence of over 60%, with the worst awareness within all cardiovascular risk factors (only about 15% people knows their LDL-C level). To answer this since 2021, there is an approach to apply upfront (immediate) lipid-lowering combination therapy of statin and ezetimibe in very high and extremely high-risk patients to be on the LDL-C target as low as possible, but especially as early as possible, enabling to introduce the third line therapy (i.e. bempedoic acid and/or PCSK9 targeted therapy) already after 4–6 weeks. This review discusses the current stage of knowledge and recent data on the group of patients that might benefit the most from the upfront combination LLT, when it should be optimally implemented, and the recent data on its role on LDL-C reduction, cardiovascular and mortality outcomes as well as safety issuespt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationCardiovascular Research, Volume 121, Issue 6, May 2025, Pages 851–859pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/cvr/cvaf045pt_PT
dc.identifier.eissn1755-3245
dc.identifier.issn0008-6363
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/101915
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherOxford Academicpt_PT
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://academic.oup.com/cardiovascrespt_PT
dc.subjectStatinspt_PT
dc.subjectEzetimibept_PT
dc.subjectCombination therapypt_PT
dc.subjectCardiovascular diseasept_PT
dc.subjectPreventionpt_PT
dc.subjectSafetypt_PT
dc.titleUpfront lipid-lowering combination therapy in high cardiovascular risk patients: a route to effectve atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease preventionpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage859pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue6pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage851pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleCardiovascular Researchpt_PT
oaire.citation.volume121pt_PT
person.familyNamePinto
person.givenNameFausto J.
person.identifier1308889
person.identifier.ciencia-idC311-AEDD-6DBB
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-8034-4529
person.identifier.ridG-9363-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7102740158
rcaap.rightsrestrictedAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublication5f44176f-69f5-482c-83cd-ab94425a6ec3
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery5f44176f-69f5-482c-83cd-ab94425a6ec3

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