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Publicação
Capacitar o doente oncológico com doença avançada e o cuidador principal para a gestão da dor em domicílio
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Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Introdução
A pessoa com doença oncológica vive a dor inerente à sua situação clínica como significado do avançar da doença. A dor surge quase sempre associada a outros sintomas, com interferência nas atividades de vida diárias, no bem-estar e qualidade de vida. Envolver a pessoa no processo do autocuidado na gestão da dor poderá beneficiar os resultados.
Objetivos
Desenvolver e aplicar um programa de intervenção educativa e avaliar o seu efeito na capacitação do doente oncológico com doença avançada/cuidador na gestão da dor em domicílio.
Materiais e Métodos
Foi elaborado um modelo de intervenção através do programa educativo para a capacitação do doente oncológico com doença avançada/ cuidador para a gestão da dor em domicílio - PECDO/CGDD, implementado e avaliado através de uma escala de indicadores de resultados no conhecimento e comportamento dos doentes na gestão da dor em domicílio.
Foi realizado um estudo exploratório inicial para identificar a perceção de sintoma e o significado atribuído ao mesmo, num grupo de cinquenta e dois doentes oncológicos com doença avançada em domicílio. Sucedendo-se um estudo descritivo sobre o processo de implementação do PECDO/CGDD nestes doentes. Por fim um estudo quasi-experimental para avaliação do efeito PECDO/CGDD, com avaliação pré intervenção, no decurso da intervenção em três momentos (T1, T2 e T3) e pós intervenção.
Resultados
A dor foi referida como um dos sintomas mais significativos. Não existiram condicionantes à implementação do programa nem aos resultados. No final da intervenção verificou-se mudança significativa no conhecimento relativo aos sinais e sintomas de dor; monitorização da dor e outros sintomas; conhecimento do efeito dos medicamentos; adesão à terapêutica.
Conclusões
O PECDO/CGDD teve efeito bastante significativo no conhecimento e comportamento dos doentes no que se refere à gestão da dor. A EACCGD, demostrou-se válida para avaliação de resultados.
Introduction Patients who suffer from oncological disease experience and perceive the pain associated to their clinical situation as a meaning of advance disease. The pain arises associated to other symptoms, affecting the activities of daily life, wealth, and quality of live. Involving people on the pain self-management intervention can bring positive outcomes and benefits. Objective Develop and apply an educational intervention program to evaluate the effects of pain self-management on patients, and caregivers, with advanced oncological disease. Materials and Methods An intervention model was elaborated based on the educational program of pain self-management for patients/caregivers suffering from advance disease- for pain management at home, EPPSMP/CH, implemented and evaluated through an indicator scale of results based in the knowledge and behavior of the patients. To identify the perception and meaning given to the symptoms was conducted an initial exploratory study within a group of fifty-two patients suffering from advanced cancer, at home. Then was elaborated a descriptive research about the process implementation of EPPSMP/CH within the same group of patients. In the end, was carried a quasi-experimental study to evaluate the EPPSMP/CH effect, with pre intervention, during the intervention in three moments (T1, T2 e T3) and post intervention. Results The pain was mentioned as one of the most significative symptoms. There were not constraints on the implementation of the program neither on the results. Significative changes were observed on the knowledge related with signs and symptoms of pain; monitoring of pain and other symptoms; knowledge on the effect of the medicine; adherence to the therapeutic. Conclusions The EPPSMP/CH model had significative impact on the knowledge and behavior of patients towards the self-management of pain. The Knowledge and Behavior for pain Management Assessment Scale (KBPMAS) is shown to be valid for the evaluation of the results.
Introduction Patients who suffer from oncological disease experience and perceive the pain associated to their clinical situation as a meaning of advance disease. The pain arises associated to other symptoms, affecting the activities of daily life, wealth, and quality of live. Involving people on the pain self-management intervention can bring positive outcomes and benefits. Objective Develop and apply an educational intervention program to evaluate the effects of pain self-management on patients, and caregivers, with advanced oncological disease. Materials and Methods An intervention model was elaborated based on the educational program of pain self-management for patients/caregivers suffering from advance disease- for pain management at home, EPPSMP/CH, implemented and evaluated through an indicator scale of results based in the knowledge and behavior of the patients. To identify the perception and meaning given to the symptoms was conducted an initial exploratory study within a group of fifty-two patients suffering from advanced cancer, at home. Then was elaborated a descriptive research about the process implementation of EPPSMP/CH within the same group of patients. In the end, was carried a quasi-experimental study to evaluate the EPPSMP/CH effect, with pre intervention, during the intervention in three moments (T1, T2 e T3) and post intervention. Results The pain was mentioned as one of the most significative symptoms. There were not constraints on the implementation of the program neither on the results. Significative changes were observed on the knowledge related with signs and symptoms of pain; monitoring of pain and other symptoms; knowledge on the effect of the medicine; adherence to the therapeutic. Conclusions The EPPSMP/CH model had significative impact on the knowledge and behavior of patients towards the self-management of pain. The Knowledge and Behavior for pain Management Assessment Scale (KBPMAS) is shown to be valid for the evaluation of the results.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Dor oncológica programa educativo autocuidado enfermagem Cancer pain educational program pain self-management nursing