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Literacia funcional em saúde em adolescentes : caracterização de propriedades psicométricas do Functional Literacy Questionnaire
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Enquadramento: A evidência sobre literacia em saúde em adolescentes é escassa, em particular entre jovens portugueses. Alguns autores apontam a falta de escalas robustas para medir o constructo como um dos motivos desta lacuna. Em Portugal, o único instrumento disponível é o Newest Vital Sign for the Portuguese adolescents (NVSPTeen); todavia, este não está totalmente adaptado à cultura e apresenta propriedades psicométricas modestas. Foi desenvolvido o Functional Literacy Questionnaire (FLiQ), para avaliar literacia funcional em adolescentes através de um rótulo alimentar segundo o Regulamento N.º 1169/2011 da União Europeia. Objetivo: Caracterizar propriedades psicométricas clássicas do FLiQ (fiabilidade, validade de conteúdo, concorrente, convergente e constructo), por comparação com o NVS-PTeen, em adolescentes portugueses do 3.º ciclo do ensino básico. Métodos: Foi conduzido um estudo observacional longitudinal com três etapas: (1) caracterização da validade de conteúdo através de painel Delphi (formulário online); (2) auto-administração do FLiQ e do NVS-PTeen a adolescentes (online ou em papel); e (3) re-administração do FLiQ ao mesmo grupo de indivíduos, após três–quatro semanas. Resultados: A validade de conteúdo da escala foi excelente, com Average-Content Validity Index=,95. A amostra total compreendeu 372 adolescentes (50,3% raparigas) com uma mediana de idades de 13,00 anos (intervalo interquartil 13,00–14,00). Destes, 150 completaram a segunda administração do FLiQ (para estudo da fiabilidade temporal). A consistência interna do FLiQ foi boa (Kuder-Richardson Formula-20=,70), assim como a fiabilidade temporal (correlação intraclasse=,82). A pontuação total do FLiQ correlacionou-se significativamente com o ano de escolaridade (rho=,17) e com as classificações de Português (rho=,35) e Matemática (rho=,33). A análise fatorial exploratória revelou que o FLiQ é composto por duas dimensões: competências de numeracia e de compreensão verbal. Conclusão: O FLiQ é uma escala válida e fiável para medir literacia funcional em adolescentes portugueses e pode ser usada regularmente para monitorizar este determinante de saúde.
Background: Evidence on health literacy in adolescents is scarce, particularly among Portuguese youngsters. Some authors point to the lack of robust scales to measure the construct as one of the reasons for this gap. In Portugal, the Newest Vital Sign for the Portuguese adolescents (NVS-PTeen) is the only instrument available; however, it is not fully adapted to the culture and has modest psychometric properties. The Functional Literacy Questionnaire (FLiQ) was developed to assess functional literacy in adolescents, using a food label according to the Regulation No. 1169/2011 of the European Union. Aim: To characterize classic psychometric properties of the FLiQ (reliability, content, concurrent, convergent, and construct validity), in comparison to the NVS-PTeen, among Portuguese adolescents enrolled in 7th to 9th grade. Methods: A longitudinal observational study with three phases was conducted: (1) characterization of the content validity through a Delphi panel (online questionnaire); (2) self-administration of FLiQ and NVS-PTeen to adolescents (online or paper format); and (3) re-administration of FLiQ to the same group of subjects, after three to four weeks. Results: The scale’s content validity was excellent, with an Average-Content Validity Index=.95. The total sample comprised 372 adolescents (50.3% girls) with a median age of 13.00 years (interquartile range: 13.00–14.00). Of these, 150 completed the second administration of FLiQ (for the temporal reliability study). FLiQ’s internal consistency was good (Kuder-Richardson Fornula-20=.70), as well as temporal reliability (intraclass correlation=.82). FLiQ total score was significantly correlated with the school year (rho=.17), and with Portuguese (rho=.35) and Maths (rho=.33) grades. Exploratory factor analysis showed that FLiQ is composed of two dimensions: numeracy and verbal comprehension skills. Conclusion: FLiQ is a valid and reliable scale to measure functional literacy among Portuguese adolescents, and it can be used regularly to monitor this health determinant.
Background: Evidence on health literacy in adolescents is scarce, particularly among Portuguese youngsters. Some authors point to the lack of robust scales to measure the construct as one of the reasons for this gap. In Portugal, the Newest Vital Sign for the Portuguese adolescents (NVS-PTeen) is the only instrument available; however, it is not fully adapted to the culture and has modest psychometric properties. The Functional Literacy Questionnaire (FLiQ) was developed to assess functional literacy in adolescents, using a food label according to the Regulation No. 1169/2011 of the European Union. Aim: To characterize classic psychometric properties of the FLiQ (reliability, content, concurrent, convergent, and construct validity), in comparison to the NVS-PTeen, among Portuguese adolescents enrolled in 7th to 9th grade. Methods: A longitudinal observational study with three phases was conducted: (1) characterization of the content validity through a Delphi panel (online questionnaire); (2) self-administration of FLiQ and NVS-PTeen to adolescents (online or paper format); and (3) re-administration of FLiQ to the same group of subjects, after three to four weeks. Results: The scale’s content validity was excellent, with an Average-Content Validity Index=.95. The total sample comprised 372 adolescents (50.3% girls) with a median age of 13.00 years (interquartile range: 13.00–14.00). Of these, 150 completed the second administration of FLiQ (for the temporal reliability study). FLiQ’s internal consistency was good (Kuder-Richardson Fornula-20=.70), as well as temporal reliability (intraclass correlation=.82). FLiQ total score was significantly correlated with the school year (rho=.17), and with Portuguese (rho=.35) and Maths (rho=.33) grades. Exploratory factor analysis showed that FLiQ is composed of two dimensions: numeracy and verbal comprehension skills. Conclusion: FLiQ is a valid and reliable scale to measure functional literacy among Portuguese adolescents, and it can be used regularly to monitor this health determinant.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Doenças Metabólicas e Comportamento Alimentar, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, 2024
Palavras-chave
Literacia funcional em saúde Questionário Psicometria Adolescentes Teses de mestrado - 2024