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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este relatório de estágio relata uma experiência académica na exploração Felix Santa Rosa Coffees. Esta exploração agrícola encontra-se no Município de Berizal, no norte do estado de Minas Gerais, tem a dimensão de 620,93 ha, é focada na produção de café à qual dedica 301,8 ha e tem uma estrutura de processamento pós-colheita totalmente mecanizada.
Este estágio teve como objetivo o estudo das práticas aplicadas no pós-colheita de café a partir do acompanhamento e participação nas operações que envolvem este mesmo processo. Desde a colheita do café até ao benefício, os conhecimentos práticos adquiridos foram complementados por um estudo teórico das matérias que envolvem estas mesmas operações.
No presente trabalho é feita uma descrição pormenorizada das operações da colheita, da lavagem e separação, secagem e benefício. Depois de colhido de forma mecânica, o fruto segue imediatamente para a estação de lavagem e separação onde vai ser separado em função das suas características ao nível da maturação. Os frutos maduros seguem a vía húmida, os verdes e sobremaduros a vía seca. Após a secagem em terreiro ou em secadores, são armazenados no mínimo 15-30 dias, para depois serem beneficiados. O benefício abrange não só o descasque, mas também as operações de classificação, catação mecânica e electrónica. O café comercial sai da fazenda em sacos de juta de 60 kg ou em Big Bags de 1000 kg.
Para além da descrição das atividades realizadas, depois de fazer um enquadramento histórico das origens do café no Mundo e como este chegou ao Brasil, é realizada uma sucinta caracterização edafoclimática da exploração bem como uma descrição da forma como se encontra organizada a nível de plantação, escolhas de variedades e sistema de rega.
This internship report reports an academic experience in the Felix Santa Rosa Coffees exploration. This company is located in the Municipality of Berizal, north of the state of Minas Gerais, has a dimension of 620.93 ha, is focused on the production of coffee to which it dedicates 301.8 ha and has a fully mechanized post-harvest processing structure. This internship aimed to study the methodologies applied in coffee post-harvest, monitoring and participating in operations that involve this same process. From the coffee harvest to the milling, the practical knowledge acquired was complemented by a theoretical study of the techniques that involve these operations. In the present work a detailed description of the operations of harvesting, washing and separation, drying and milling is made. After being harvested mechanically, the fruit immediately proceeds to the washing station where it will be sorted according to its maturation characteristics. The ripe fruits are taken to the wet mil whereas the green and overripe fruit are processed in the natural way. After drying in yards or dryers, the beans are stored for at least 15-30 days, and then hulled. The hulling process include not only the parchment removal, but also grading, mechanical and electronic sorting. Commercial coffee leaves the farm in 60 kg jute bags or 1000 kg Big Bags. In addition to the description of the activities carried out, after making a historical framework of the origins of coffee in the world and how it arrived in Brazil, an edaphoclimatic framework of the exploration is made, as well as a description of the way it is organized at the plantation level, varieties and irrigation system.
This internship report reports an academic experience in the Felix Santa Rosa Coffees exploration. This company is located in the Municipality of Berizal, north of the state of Minas Gerais, has a dimension of 620.93 ha, is focused on the production of coffee to which it dedicates 301.8 ha and has a fully mechanized post-harvest processing structure. This internship aimed to study the methodologies applied in coffee post-harvest, monitoring and participating in operations that involve this same process. From the coffee harvest to the milling, the practical knowledge acquired was complemented by a theoretical study of the techniques that involve these operations. In the present work a detailed description of the operations of harvesting, washing and separation, drying and milling is made. After being harvested mechanically, the fruit immediately proceeds to the washing station where it will be sorted according to its maturation characteristics. The ripe fruits are taken to the wet mil whereas the green and overripe fruit are processed in the natural way. After drying in yards or dryers, the beans are stored for at least 15-30 days, and then hulled. The hulling process include not only the parchment removal, but also grading, mechanical and electronic sorting. Commercial coffee leaves the farm in 60 kg jute bags or 1000 kg Big Bags. In addition to the description of the activities carried out, after making a historical framework of the origins of coffee in the world and how it arrived in Brazil, an edaphoclimatic framework of the exploration is made, as well as a description of the way it is organized at the plantation level, varieties and irrigation system.
Description
Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica. Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia
Keywords
café pós-colheita Minas Gerais Brasil coffee postharvest Minas Gerais Brazil
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Câmara, P.M.A.F.C. Metodologias utilizadas no pós-colheita de café na fazenda Felix Santa Rosa Coffees, Brasil. Lisboa: ISA-Universidade de Lisboa, 2021. Dissertação de Mestrado
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa
