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Publicação
A influência do desenvolvimento do bebé nas representações das mães adolescentes acerca das suas relações com as figuras parentais de infância
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A presente investigação pretende averiguar a existência de mudanças nos modelos de
funcionamento interno da vinculação em jovens mães institucionalizadas. Espera-se que o
aumento da idade dos bebés destas mães influencie uma evolução materna no sentido de os
seus modelos internos se tornarem mais positivos e organizados. Para testar esta hipótese, foi
considerada como variável dependente a representação da vinculação da jovem mãe face às
suas figuras parentais. No âmbito das variáveis independentes, além das características do
bebé (idade, peso ao nascimento, saúde actual), foram consideradas as variáveis sóciodemográficas
da jovem mãe, da sua família de origem e os seus dados clínicos.
Para medir as variáveis dependentes, foi utilizado o Questionário de Vinculação ao
Pai e à Mãe (versão IV, Matos & Costa, 2001), com as seguintes sub-escalas: Inibição da
Exploração e Individualidade (IEI) face ao pai e à mãe, Qualidade do Laço Emocional (QLE)
face ao pai e à mãe e Ansiedade na Separação e Dependência (ASD) face ao pai e à mãe. Para
as variáveis independentes, foram utilizados os dados recolhidos através de um Questionário
Sócio-demográfico. A amostra consiste em quarenta e oito mães adolescentes que recebiam
apoio institucional sob a forma de acolhimento e/ou acompanhamento, com idades
compreendidas entre os 15 e os 23 anos, no momento da entrevista. Foram realizadas diversas
análises de regressão evidenciando que, apesar de a hipótese geral não ter sido confirmada,
surgiram resultados interessantes: a) a ausência ou presença dos pais das jovens, no que
respeita à variância da variável QLE, confirma o ponto de vista clássico sobre a importância
dos pais na compreensão da maternidade na adolescência; b) o peso ao nascimento assume
valores interessantes na explicação da ASD face ao pai e da IEI face ao pai; c) o peso ao
nascimento assume, também, um valor interessante na explicação da IEI face à mãe.
The present research aims to investigate about the existence of changes at the internal working models of attachment in institutionalized young mothers. It is expected that the upraising of those mothers babies’ age influences a maternal evolution on the sense that their internal models will become more positive and organized. In order to test this hypothesis, as dependent variable it was considered the representation of attachment of the young mother towards their parental figures. As independent variables, beyond babies’ characteristics (age, weight at birth, present health status), mothers’ sociodemographic variables were considered, as well as variables of family of origin and mothers’ clinical data. For the measurement of dependent variables, it was used the Questionnaire of Attachment to Father and Mother (version IV, Matos & Costa, 2001), with the following subscales: Inhibition of Exploration and Individuality (IEI) towards the father and the mother, Quality of Emotional Bond (QEB) towards the father and the mother and Anxiety in Separation and Dependency (ASD) towards the father and the mother. For the independent variables, it were used the data recollected with the Sociodemographic Questionnaire. The sample was constituted by forty-eight adolescent mothers, receiving institutional support by hosting or escort, with ages between 15 and 23 years old at the moment of the interview. Several regression analyses were performed showing that in spite of the non-confirmation of the general hypothesis, several interesting results emerged: a) the absence or presence of the young mothers’ parents, in what respects to QLE variable variance, confirms the classical point of view about the importance of parents for the understanding of adolescents’ motherhood; b) weight at birth assumes interesting values about the explanation of ASD towards the father and IEI towards the father; c) weight at birth assumes, also, an interesting value for the explanation of IEI towards the mother.
The present research aims to investigate about the existence of changes at the internal working models of attachment in institutionalized young mothers. It is expected that the upraising of those mothers babies’ age influences a maternal evolution on the sense that their internal models will become more positive and organized. In order to test this hypothesis, as dependent variable it was considered the representation of attachment of the young mother towards their parental figures. As independent variables, beyond babies’ characteristics (age, weight at birth, present health status), mothers’ sociodemographic variables were considered, as well as variables of family of origin and mothers’ clinical data. For the measurement of dependent variables, it was used the Questionnaire of Attachment to Father and Mother (version IV, Matos & Costa, 2001), with the following subscales: Inhibition of Exploration and Individuality (IEI) towards the father and the mother, Quality of Emotional Bond (QEB) towards the father and the mother and Anxiety in Separation and Dependency (ASD) towards the father and the mother. For the independent variables, it were used the data recollected with the Sociodemographic Questionnaire. The sample was constituted by forty-eight adolescent mothers, receiving institutional support by hosting or escort, with ages between 15 and 23 years old at the moment of the interview. Several regression analyses were performed showing that in spite of the non-confirmation of the general hypothesis, several interesting results emerged: a) the absence or presence of the young mothers’ parents, in what respects to QLE variable variance, confirms the classical point of view about the importance of parents for the understanding of adolescents’ motherhood; b) weight at birth assumes interesting values about the explanation of ASD towards the father and IEI towards the father; c) weight at birth assumes, also, an interesting value for the explanation of IEI towards the mother.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde - Núcleo de Psicologia Clínica Dinâmica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2012
Palavras-chave
Gravidez na adolescência Parentalidade Vinculação Teses de mestrado - 2012