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Brinquedo, jogo e educação em Portugal : um direito da infância : séculos XIX e XXI
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Este estudo teve o objectivo de investigar a história do brinquedo,
do jogo e do brincar como um direito na educação da criança.
Entendendo que estes conceitos nos remetem para uma história que
não deverá ser entendida como uma realidade descontínua mas como
consecutiva à relação cúmplice que se estabelece entre eles e os seus
utilizadores, tentamos compreender qual o lugar destes no pensamento
e nas práticas educativas portuguesas dos séculos XIX e XX nos
espaços familiares e nos espaços públicos. Foi importante o estudo da
contextualização das infâncias: infância pobre, infância rica, infância
urbana e infância rural ressaltando factores de ordem social, histórico e
cultural. Procuramos relacionar a história do brinquedo e dos jogos com
o conceito de cultura lúdica. Foi nossa intenção compreender como é
que a escola garantiu o direito à criança da utilização do brinquedo e do
jogo em contexto escolar em prol de aprendizagens-lúdicas fomentando
a socialização e cultura no desenvolvimento infantil. Conclui-se com a
abordagem ao brinquedo industrial e ao brinquedo popular numa
tentativa de compreendermos a importância de ambos no processo da
construção e do conhecimento individual e colectivo da criança. Desta
forma, e de acordo com a temática atribuímos ao nosso estudo um
referencial teórico que reporta a autores que em suas investigações
analisam o brinquedo, o jogo e o brincar segundo paradigmas
diferenciados, o psicopedagógico, o social, o cultural e o histórico.
This essay had as aim to investigate the history of the toy, the game and the act of playing, as a right in the education of a child. These concepts can not be understood as a discontinuous reality, but as a continuous one in the accomplice relation that was established between these concepts and his users, trying to understand that their place in the Portuguese mind and educational practices during the XIX and XX century, in private and public spaces. It was very important to put into context the different childhoods: the poor one, the rich one, the childhood of the city or the rural childhood, showing facts of social, historical and cultural order. We tried to relate the history of the toy and the game with the concept of play-culture. It was our intention to understand how school used the toy and the game in order to promote socialization and culture in childhood development. This essay has as conclusion the approach to industrial and popular toy that tries to explain the importance of both in constructive, individual or collective, knowledge of the child. So, and in agreement with the main subject, we gave to this essay a theoretical reference that uses authors that in their investigations have analysed the toy, the game and the act of playing in different ways: the social, the cultural, the historical and the psycho pedagogical one.
This essay had as aim to investigate the history of the toy, the game and the act of playing, as a right in the education of a child. These concepts can not be understood as a discontinuous reality, but as a continuous one in the accomplice relation that was established between these concepts and his users, trying to understand that their place in the Portuguese mind and educational practices during the XIX and XX century, in private and public spaces. It was very important to put into context the different childhoods: the poor one, the rich one, the childhood of the city or the rural childhood, showing facts of social, historical and cultural order. We tried to relate the history of the toy and the game with the concept of play-culture. It was our intention to understand how school used the toy and the game in order to promote socialization and culture in childhood development. This essay has as conclusion the approach to industrial and popular toy that tries to explain the importance of both in constructive, individual or collective, knowledge of the child. So, and in agreement with the main subject, we gave to this essay a theoretical reference that uses authors that in their investigations have analysed the toy, the game and the act of playing in different ways: the social, the cultural, the historical and the psycho pedagogical one.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado em Ciências da Educação (Área de especialização em História da Educação), apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, 2006
Palavras-chave
Teses de mestrado - 2006 Crianças Brinquedos - Educação Jogos Educação - Portugal - séc.19-20