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Virtual reality-induced dissociative symptoms : a retrospective study
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O uso de Realidade Virtual (RV) tem aumentado a nível mundial, à medida que as tecnologias se vão tornando mais sofisticadas e providenciam um escape à realidade durante a pandemia Covid-19. Este aumento recente no uso de RV tem conduzido ao relato de novos efeitos secundários, tais como sintomas dissociativos, que podem ou não constituir uma ameaça à saúde mental dos utilizadores. Este estudo retrospetivo teve como objetivo quantificar a prevalência e a intensidade dos sintomas dissociativos decorrentes da utilização de RV, bem como determinar potenciais fatores de risco que possam desencadeá-los ou amplificá-los, e ainda avaliar o impacto destes sintomas no bem estar do indivíduo. Os dados foram obtidos através de um questionário (N=358) colocado em grupos de Facebook dedicados a RV, que compreendeu uma versão modificada do Clinician-Administered Dissociative State Scale (CADSS) e questões direcionadas a fatores de risco reconhecidos como potenciais desencadeantes de experiências dissociativas. A análise estatística revelou que 83.9% dos participantes reportaram sintomas dissociativos, de intensidade variada de acordo com o CADSS (𝑋̅=7.62; 𝑠=7.89). Foram encontradas correlações significativas entre o CADSS score e o tempo passado em RV, o uso de aplicações que envolvem mãos virtuais ou hand-tracking, a presença de experiências dissociativas prévias, eventos traumáticos na infância, estratégias evitantes de coping e história de doença psiquiátrica. Não obstante, a maioria dos participantes classificou os sintomas como não-ansiogénicos (85.8%) e com uma duração de apenas minutos (77.4%). Em suma, este estudo revelou que embora a RV seja uma potencial indutora de experiências dissociativas, estas parecem ser de curta duração e inócuas para o bem estar do indivíduo, podendo ser antecipadas e atenuadas através do conhecimento e gestão de outros fatores de risco que possam desencadear fenómenos de dissociação.
The use of Virtual Reality (VR) has been increasing worldwide, as devices are becoming more sophisticated and provide an escape from reality during the COVID-19 lockdown. This recent rise in the use of VR leads to new side-effects being reported, such as dissociative symptoms that may or may not constitute a mental health concern. This retrospective study investigated the prevalence and intensity of dissociative symptoms in VR users, as well as some potential predisposing conditions that may trigger them, and their impact on the subjects’ wellbeing. We conducted a survey (N=358) that was posted on VR Facebook groups. This survey comprised a modified version of the Clinician-Administered Dissociative State Scale (CADSS) and questions regarding potential risk factors known to induce dissociative disorders or experiences. Data analysis revealed that 83.9% participants reported dissociative symptoms, with varying intensity according to CADSS (𝑋̅=7.62; 𝑠=7.89). Significant correlations were found between CADSS score and the time spent playing, the use of software applications (apps) that involve virtual hands or hand-tracking, history of previous dissociative experiences, traumatic childhood events, avoidant coping strategies and psychiatric disorders. Nonetheless, most participants categorized the symptoms as non-anxiogenic (85.8%) and minute-lasting (77.4%). In conclusion, this study revealed that although VR can induce dissociative experiences, they seem to be short-lasting and non-threatening to the individual’s wellbeing, and might be predicted or attenuated by managing other known risk factors for dissociative phenomena.
The use of Virtual Reality (VR) has been increasing worldwide, as devices are becoming more sophisticated and provide an escape from reality during the COVID-19 lockdown. This recent rise in the use of VR leads to new side-effects being reported, such as dissociative symptoms that may or may not constitute a mental health concern. This retrospective study investigated the prevalence and intensity of dissociative symptoms in VR users, as well as some potential predisposing conditions that may trigger them, and their impact on the subjects’ wellbeing. We conducted a survey (N=358) that was posted on VR Facebook groups. This survey comprised a modified version of the Clinician-Administered Dissociative State Scale (CADSS) and questions regarding potential risk factors known to induce dissociative disorders or experiences. Data analysis revealed that 83.9% participants reported dissociative symptoms, with varying intensity according to CADSS (𝑋̅=7.62; 𝑠=7.89). Significant correlations were found between CADSS score and the time spent playing, the use of software applications (apps) that involve virtual hands or hand-tracking, history of previous dissociative experiences, traumatic childhood events, avoidant coping strategies and psychiatric disorders. Nonetheless, most participants categorized the symptoms as non-anxiogenic (85.8%) and minute-lasting (77.4%). In conclusion, this study revealed that although VR can induce dissociative experiences, they seem to be short-lasting and non-threatening to the individual’s wellbeing, and might be predicted or attenuated by managing other known risk factors for dissociative phenomena.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2022
Palavras-chave
Realidade virtual Dissociação Despersonalização Desrealização Cardiologia