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A fileira de produção de cacau biológico. O exemplo da São Tomé e Príncipe
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Resumo(s)
Throughout the world, it can be observed an increased demand for organic products.
This is due to the fact that consumers, mainly those from industrialized countries, are
more concerned with the products quality and the environment. In fact, nowadays it is
accepted that organic production privileges the biodiversity, the respect for nature, the
crops diversification, the soils maintenance and the production system independence
related to the use of fertilizers and pesticides of chemical synthesis. This products’
higher price to the consumer restricts, in a certain way, its access to an elite with a high
purchasing power. As compensation, the producers have a more profitable business
opportunity, as the organic label allows them to sell the product at the market with a
higher price. This fact can lead to an income and quality of life improvement, namely
from producers of developing countries. Some farmers produce, as well, in conformity
with the Fair Trade Organizations requirements. The labels combination, organic and
fair trade, may improve the product expectations at the market.
The cocoa production in São Tomé and Príncipe is constantly related to this country
history. From colonial times to independence, continuing during Agrarian Reform and
during the following rural restructuring programs, cocoa crop has always had a
significant importance in what concerns export.
The Organic Cocoa Production Row, included in PAPAFPA economical and innovative
activities support component, appears as a way to improve the economical activities ofthe poorest rural populations, including its integration in new markets. Organic Cocoa is
in a way, a crop that has given new development opportunities to São Tomé e Príncipe
Archipelago producers. This crop’s organic production, has allowed the small farmer,
from the Organic Cocoa Row support communities, to sell its production at higher
prices, raising his income and, at the same time, to promote a conscience relating to
the importance of local environment and natural flora.
In the first semester of 2006 of the organic cocoa program, the number of supporter
communities was of thirty three, twenty of them in São Tomé with a total of seven
hundred and seventy farmers, and ten in the autonomous region of Príncipe with a total
of one hundred and fifty-eight farmers. Of the twenty communities of São Tomé,
seventeen were already at the exporting phase and the remaining three were at the
conversion phase.The Ribeira Palma Sede and Ribeira Palma Praia communities were the two
communities included in the study. They belong to the same Community Association,
are geographically close and have both been part of the Organic Cocoa Row from the
beginning of the program. Target of former studies, they became a natural choice in the
attempt of trying to understand to what point there was an organizational and prosperity
change related to the support of organic production.
This work attempted to show more of the Organic Cocoa Row, trying to throw a light on
the impact it has at a small producer level. By transforming these two communities into
study cases, it was attempted to make a profile of the farmer and his satisfaction
towards the program.
Descrição
Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica - Produção Agrícola Tropical - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
Palavras-chave
Theobroma cacao organic cocoa organic farming agrarian reform agricultura biológica cacau biológico reforma agrária São Tomé e Príncipe