A carregar...
Publicação
Formulação e avaliação de nanopartículas carregadas com extrato de pitaia (Hylocereus sp.)
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.74 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A ingestão de alimentos com compostos bioativos permite prevenir o aparecimento precoce de doenças crónicas não transmissíveis.
A pitaia possui compostos biologicamente ativos, que no geral, têm pouca biodisponibilidade e, consequentemente, são necessárias ingestões grandes para se fazerem sentir os efeitos biológicos no organismo. Uma das estratégias para aumentar a eficiência destes compostos no extrato é fazer a sua encapsulação.
O objetivo principal deste trabalho é formular e avaliar fitossomas carregados com extrato de pitaia (Hylocereus costaricensis) e comparar a sua atividade biológica à do extrato.
A caracterização do extrato foi realizada através de métodos espectrofotométricos, obtendo-se um teor de compostos fenólicos e flavonóides de 410,370 mg EAG/L e de 139,297 mg EC/L, respetivamente. A análise do extrato por HPLC-DAD-MS/MS permitiu identificar o ácido cítrico, o ácido succínico, a cianidina-3-o-rutinosido, o ácido ferúlico e a rutina na sua composição. O extrato (10 mg/mL) possui uma capacidade de redução de ROS de 78% em células HaCaT (modelo in vitro), quando estas foram expostas a um stress oxidativo induzido pelo peróxido de hidrogénio.
Os fitossomas encapsularam 46% dos compostos fenólicos totais e apresentaram um tamanho de 1329 nm, um sistema polidisperso e um potencial zeta negativo. A atividade antioxidante foi avaliada pelo método de DPPH e a formulação fitossomal, com 46% do teor de compostos fenólicos do extrato, obteve resultados semelhantes ao do extrato, o que revela que os fitossomas tiveram melhor eficiência.
O estudo in vivo da atividade anti-hiperglicémica foi realizado utilizando um modelo de sobrecarga de açúcar em ratos Wistar. Os resultados revelaram que o extrato (5 mg EAG/kg) não mostrou efeito anti-hiperglicemiante, mas que os fitossomas (2,3 mg EAG/kg) possuem ação anti-hiperglicémica semelhante à da metformina (300 mg/kg) que é um medicamento antidiabético.
O modelo do edema da pata induzido pela carragenina, modelo de inflamação aguda local, foi usado para estudar a atividade anti-inflamatória. O extrato (5 mg EAG/kg) revelou efeito anti-inflamatório, mas os fitossomas (2,3 mg EAG/kg) embora com menor teor de compostos fenólicos mostraram efeito anti-inflamatório superior, impedindo que o edema induzido pela carragenina fosse tão elevado.
Assim pode-se concluir que o extrato de pitaia possui propriedades antioxidantes, anti-hiperglicémicas e anti-inflamatórias e que a encapsulação do extrato numa formulação fitossomal permitiu melhorar a biodisponibilidade dos compostos bioativos e, consequentemente, aumentar o efeito biológico.
Ingesting foods with bioactive compounds prevents the early onset of chronic non-communicable diseases. Dragon fruit has biologically active compounds, which generally have poor bioavailability and, consequently, large intakes are required to feel the biological effects in the body. One of the strategies to increase the efficiency of these compounds in the extract is to encapsulate them. The main objective of this work is to formulate and evaluate phytosomes loaded with dragon fruit extract (Hylocereus costaricensis) and compare their biological activity in vitro and in vivo to that of the extract. The extract was characterized using spectrophotometric methods, obtaining a total phenolic compounds and flavonoids of 410.370 mg GAE/L and 139.297 mg CE/L, respectively. Analysis of the extract by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS made it possible to identify citric acid, succinic acid, cyanidin-3-o-rutinoside, ferulic acid and rutin in its composition. The extract (10 mg/mL) has a ROS reduction capacity of 78% in HaCaT cells (in vitro model), when they were exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide. The phytosomes encapsulated 46% of the total phenolic compounds and had a size of 1329 nm, a polydisperse system and a negative zeta potential. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH method and the phytosomal formulation, with 46% of the extract's total phenolic compound, obtained similar results to the extract, revealed that the phytosomes had a better efficiency. The in vivo study of antihyperglycemic activity was carried out using a sugar overload model in Wistar rats. The results revealed that the extract (5 mg GAE/kg) showed no antihyperglycemic effect, but that the phytosomes (2.3 mg GAE/kg) had an antihyperglycemic action like that of metformin (300 mg/kg), which is an antidiabetic drug. In the model of paw edema induced by carrageenan, an acute local inflammation model, was used to study the anti-inflammatory activity. The extract (5 mg GAE/kg) showed an anti-inflammatory effect, but the phytosomes (2.3 mg GAE/kg), although lower in phenolic compounds, showed a superior anti-inflammatory effect, preventing the edema induced by carrageenan from being as high. Thus, dragon fruit extract has antioxidant, antihyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory properties and the encapsulation of the extract in phytosomal formulation made it possible to improve the bioavailability of the bioactive compounds and, consequently, increase the biological effect.
Ingesting foods with bioactive compounds prevents the early onset of chronic non-communicable diseases. Dragon fruit has biologically active compounds, which generally have poor bioavailability and, consequently, large intakes are required to feel the biological effects in the body. One of the strategies to increase the efficiency of these compounds in the extract is to encapsulate them. The main objective of this work is to formulate and evaluate phytosomes loaded with dragon fruit extract (Hylocereus costaricensis) and compare their biological activity in vitro and in vivo to that of the extract. The extract was characterized using spectrophotometric methods, obtaining a total phenolic compounds and flavonoids of 410.370 mg GAE/L and 139.297 mg CE/L, respectively. Analysis of the extract by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS made it possible to identify citric acid, succinic acid, cyanidin-3-o-rutinoside, ferulic acid and rutin in its composition. The extract (10 mg/mL) has a ROS reduction capacity of 78% in HaCaT cells (in vitro model), when they were exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide. The phytosomes encapsulated 46% of the total phenolic compounds and had a size of 1329 nm, a polydisperse system and a negative zeta potential. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH method and the phytosomal formulation, with 46% of the extract's total phenolic compound, obtained similar results to the extract, revealed that the phytosomes had a better efficiency. The in vivo study of antihyperglycemic activity was carried out using a sugar overload model in Wistar rats. The results revealed that the extract (5 mg GAE/kg) showed no antihyperglycemic effect, but that the phytosomes (2.3 mg GAE/kg) had an antihyperglycemic action like that of metformin (300 mg/kg), which is an antidiabetic drug. In the model of paw edema induced by carrageenan, an acute local inflammation model, was used to study the anti-inflammatory activity. The extract (5 mg GAE/kg) showed an anti-inflammatory effect, but the phytosomes (2.3 mg GAE/kg), although lower in phenolic compounds, showed a superior anti-inflammatory effect, preventing the edema induced by carrageenan from being as high. Thus, dragon fruit extract has antioxidant, antihyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory properties and the encapsulation of the extract in phytosomal formulation made it possible to improve the bioavailability of the bioactive compounds and, consequently, increase the biological effect.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Qualidade Alimentar e Saúde, 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia.
Palavras-chave
Hylocereus costaricensis Atividade antioxidante Atividade antihiperglicémica Anti-inflamatória Fitossomas Teses de mestrado - 2023