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Brasil, Portugal e o fim do tráfico de escravos
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Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender porque, apesar das semelhanças entre seus regimes e instituições políticas e do fato de serem governados pela mesma dinastia, Brasil e Portugal responderam de forma distinta à pressão britânica ao conceder tratamento diverso ao fim do tráfico de escravos. Apesar da diferença do peso da escravidão e, por consequência, do tráfico nos dois casos, este constitui um tema privilegiado para estudar a relação entre os sistemas políticos brasileiro e português e suas respectivas sociedades, ambos sob pressão da GrãBretanha, com a qual os dois países mantinham relações preferenciais. Para alcançar seu objetivo, este trabalho lançou mão do modelo teórico da mudança institucional gradual desenvolvido por Mahoney e Thelen (2010) e do process tracing. Ao final concluiu-se que, apesar da semelhança entre seus sistemas políticos, a diferença observada na mudança com relação ao tráfico de escravos nos dois países deve-se ao contraste na composição de seus atores políticos. Nesse sentido, a homogeneidade da elite política brasileira contrapõe-se à heterogeneidade da elite portuguesa, com ausência de um ator político com forte poder de veto.
This work seeks to understand why, inspite of the impressive similarities between its political regime and institutions as well as of the fact of being ruled by the same dynasty, Brasil and Portugal put an end to the slave trade through different proceedings. Although slavery and slave trade had different weights in both cases, it is a privileged theme in the analysis of the relationship between the State and societies in the two countries in the nineteenth century. In order to do so, the research used the theory of gradual institutional change developed by Mahoney and Thelen (2010) and process tracing. The conclusion is that despite its similarities, the difference in the result between the two cases is due to the contrast between its political actors. Thereforth, whereas in Brazil the political elite constituted a homogeneous political actor, in Portugal the elite composition was characterized by its heterogeneity, with the absence of an actor with significant veto powers.
This work seeks to understand why, inspite of the impressive similarities between its political regime and institutions as well as of the fact of being ruled by the same dynasty, Brasil and Portugal put an end to the slave trade through different proceedings. Although slavery and slave trade had different weights in both cases, it is a privileged theme in the analysis of the relationship between the State and societies in the two countries in the nineteenth century. In order to do so, the research used the theory of gradual institutional change developed by Mahoney and Thelen (2010) and process tracing. The conclusion is that despite its similarities, the difference in the result between the two cases is due to the contrast between its political actors. Thereforth, whereas in Brazil the political elite constituted a homogeneous political actor, in Portugal the elite composition was characterized by its heterogeneity, with the absence of an actor with significant veto powers.
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Brasil Portugal fim do tráfico de escravos teoria da mudança institucional gradual process tracing