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Sharks in a changing ocean : a multiscale assessment of anthropogenic pressures on key marine predators

2023-12Doctoral thesis Embargoed access
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências Biológicaspt_PT
dc.contributor.advisorRosa, Rui Afonso Bairrão da
dc.contributor.advisorSantos, Catarina Frazão da Fonseca Ribeiro dos
dc.contributor.advisorMiranda, Pedro Michael Cavaleiro de
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Catarina
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-24T10:00:42Z
dc.date.embargo2027-01
dc.date.issued2023-12
dc.date.submitted2023-04
dc.description.abstractWith over a third of their species threatened with extinction, sharks and their relatives have been struggling to cope with the challenges brought upon them by the Anthropocene. While overexploitation has been driving the worldwide decline of this group, the rapidly escalating environmental changes triggered by anthropogenic activities are posed to further test their resilience. By integrating information obtained through distinct approaches, the present dissertation addresses a series of research questions regarding the effects of anthropogenic threats — namely climate change — over sharks, aiming to provide a stepping-stone towards a more holistic understanding of how this group may fare in the oceans of tomorrow. Specifically, through a systematic overview of the scientific landscape, chapter 2 gauges how trends in shark research have evolved over time and are distributed across both spatial and biological dimensions, revealing a clear shift in the motivations driving research over time, along with a marked spatial bias. Additionally, it showcases how, despite the recent increase in the number of studies, climate change remains one of the least studied threats. In this context, chapter 3 banks on decades of literature across the marine tree of life to, through a sequence of meta-analyses, provide critical insights into the effects of warming, acidification, and oxygen loss — highlighting the nefarious impacts of the latter. Meanwhile, chapter 4 uses a similar approach to contrast the effects of warming and acidification over elasmobranchs, considering distinct biological responses and functional attributes. It showcases the clear and pervasive effects of warming and identifies the specific gaps in experimental climate change research featuring sharks, underscoring the paucity of research on oxygen loss. Chapter 5 proposes a framework to evaluate the climate associated risk at the species-level based on species attributes and ecosystem-dependencies, assessing all extant sharks at the global scale. It emphasizes the imminence of the threat imposed by climate change over this group, with many species likely to be impacted over the short-term, and the considerable long-term differences in the scale of impacts caused by distinct scenarios, along with the nature and scale of functional implications. Finally, Chapter 6 uses a correlative approach to project how different emission scenarios may impact the habitat suitability and, consequently, the distribution patterns of sphyrnid sharks, a unique and particularly threatened group of elasmobranchs. In this context, the present dissertation highlights how the timely consideration of climate change is key to the long-term success of management plans, hopefully contributing to future conservation and research endeavors targeting this key group of marine predators.pt_PT
dc.identifier.tid101587651pt_PT
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/64832
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.relationUIDB/04292/2020pt_PT
dc.relationAGA-KHAN/541746579/2019pt_PT
dc.relationAquatic Research Infrastructure Network
dc.subjectElasmobrânquiospt_PT
dc.subjectPressões antropogénicaspt_PT
dc.subjectAlterações climáticaspt_PT
dc.subjectAvaliação de riscopt_PT
dc.subjectElasmobranchspt_PT
dc.subjectAnthropogenic threatspt_PT
dc.subjectClimate changept_PT
dc.subjectRisk assessmentpt_PT
dc.titleSharks in a changing ocean : a multiscale assessment of anthropogenic pressures on key marine predatorspt_PT
dc.typedoctoral thesis
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleAquatic Research Infrastructure Network
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/OE/SFRH%2FBD%2F117890%2F2016/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/Concurso para Financiamento de Projetos de Investigação Científica e Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Todos os Domínios Científicos - 2017/PTDC%2FCTA-AMB%2F30226%2F2017/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0069%2F2020/PT
oaire.fundingStreamOE
oaire.fundingStreamConcurso para Financiamento de Projetos de Investigação Científica e Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Todos os Domínios Científicos - 2017
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
person.familyNameSantos
person.givenNameCatarina
person.identifier725296
person.identifier.ciencia-idDB11-FB7D-53FB
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6526-4291
person.identifier.ridO-3708-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57201970532
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsembargoedAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typedoctoralThesispt_PT
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery4a4fdd83-45ae-4ee5-b9cf-5199681dc865
relation.isProjectOfPublication14de6ccb-5224-445d-b6d5-51e4bb7f0921
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thesis.degree.nameTese de doutoramento, Biologia (Biologia Marinha e Aquacultura), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2023pt_PT

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