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Este trabalho foi desenvolvido tendo como foco principal o estudo da importância das crenças sobre o mundo competitivo em que vivemos, no sentimento de pertença a uma comunidade, na percepção da disponibilidade de suporte do outro, e na vontade de contribuir para a sociedade ou para o bem-estar dos que nos rodeiam. Estes conceitos foram medidos através da Escala da Necessidade de Competir para Evitar a Inferioridade (Gilbert et al., 2007; versão portuguesa de Ferreira, Pinto Gouveia & Duarte, 2011), da Escala Breve de Sentido de Comunidade (Peterson, Speer & McMillan, 2008; versão adaptada por Colaço & Lind, 2010) e da Escala de Provisões Sociais (Cutrona & Russel, 1987; versão adaptada por Moreira & Canaipa, 2007). A Escala do Desejo de Contribuir foi desenvolvida no âmbito da presente investigação, procurando medir um novo conceito, o Desejo de Contribuir. Não existindo estudos prévios que relacionem as variáveis mencionadas, esta investigação consiste num estudo exploratório, onde participaram 386 adultos de nacionalidade portuguesa. Estudaram-se as relações entre as Crenças face à Competição e o Sentido de Comunidade, o Apoio Social e o Desejo de Contribuir, bem como a influência de algumas características sócio-demográficas. Esta investigação permitiu determinar que as Crenças Centradas nas Necessidades se relacionam com as outras variáveis de forma inversa e as Crenças Centradas nos Valores de forma directa. Concluiu-se ainda que, em média, as Crenças Centradas nas Necessidades são mais elevadas nos homens, enquanto as Crenças Centradas nos Valores são mais elevadas nas mulheres. Mais ainda, obteve-se, em média, Crenças Centradas nos Valores mais elevadas em indivíduos com um baixo nível sócio-económico. A Idade não revelou influência nas Crenças face à Competição. Relativamente ao novo conceito em estudo, mostrou apenas que são as mulheres quem, em média, apresentam resultados mais elevados. São ainda abordadas possíveis implicações deste trabalho e sugeridas novas abordagens de investigação, tendo em conta as limitações indicadas.
This work was developed with the main focus on the study of the importance of beliefs about the competitive world we live in, into the feeling of belonging to a community, the perceived availability of support from others, and a willingness to contribute to society or the welfare of those around us. These concepts were measured using the Striving to Avoid Inferiority Scale (Gilbert et al., 2007; Portuguese version of Ferreira, Pinto Gouveia & Duarte, 2011), the Brief Sense of Community Scale (Peterson, Speer & McMillan, 2008; Portuguese adaptation of Colaço & Lind, 2010) and the Social Provisions Scale (Cutrona & Russel, 1987; Portuguese adaptation of Moreira & Canaipa, 2007). The Wanting to Contribute Scale was developed in the course of this investigation, seeking to measure a new concept, the Wanting to Contribute. As there are no previous studies that correlate the variables mentioned, this research is an exploratory study, in which participated 386 Portuguese adults. Relationships between Beliefs about Competition and the Sense of Community, Social Support and the Wanting to Contribute were studied, as well as the influence of socio-demographic characteristics. This research has shown that the Necessity Beliefs are inversely related to other variables and the Values Beliefs in a direct way. It was also concluded that, on average, Necessity Beliefs are higher in men, while Values Beliefs are higher in women. Moreover, were obtained, in average, Values Beliefs higher in individuals with a low socioeconomic level. Age revealed no influence on Beliefs about Competition. Relatively to the new concept in the study, this work only showed that women are who, on average, have higher results. Possible implications are also discussed and new approaches to research are suggested, considering the limitations of this study.
This work was developed with the main focus on the study of the importance of beliefs about the competitive world we live in, into the feeling of belonging to a community, the perceived availability of support from others, and a willingness to contribute to society or the welfare of those around us. These concepts were measured using the Striving to Avoid Inferiority Scale (Gilbert et al., 2007; Portuguese version of Ferreira, Pinto Gouveia & Duarte, 2011), the Brief Sense of Community Scale (Peterson, Speer & McMillan, 2008; Portuguese adaptation of Colaço & Lind, 2010) and the Social Provisions Scale (Cutrona & Russel, 1987; Portuguese adaptation of Moreira & Canaipa, 2007). The Wanting to Contribute Scale was developed in the course of this investigation, seeking to measure a new concept, the Wanting to Contribute. As there are no previous studies that correlate the variables mentioned, this research is an exploratory study, in which participated 386 Portuguese adults. Relationships between Beliefs about Competition and the Sense of Community, Social Support and the Wanting to Contribute were studied, as well as the influence of socio-demographic characteristics. This research has shown that the Necessity Beliefs are inversely related to other variables and the Values Beliefs in a direct way. It was also concluded that, on average, Necessity Beliefs are higher in men, while Values Beliefs are higher in women. Moreover, were obtained, in average, Values Beliefs higher in individuals with a low socioeconomic level. Age revealed no influence on Beliefs about Competition. Relatively to the new concept in the study, this work only showed that women are who, on average, have higher results. Possible implications are also discussed and new approaches to research are suggested, considering the limitations of this study.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Cínica e da Saúde, Núcleo de Psicologia Clínica Sistémica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2014
Palavras-chave
Crenças Apoio social Comunidade Competição Teses de mestrado - 2014
