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Os impactos do teletrabalho no comprometimento organizacional, na motivação e na intenção de saída de servidores públicos de um Tribunal de Justiça do Brasil
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O avanço e a disseminação das TICs possibilitaram a informatização e a desmaterialização dos processos e procedimentos judiciais, dando origem à chamada e-Justice no contexto do Governo Eletrônico. No Brasil, com a criação, em particular, do sistema PJe, as atividades jurídicas fins e acessórias da Justiça brasileira puderam ser desenvolvidas remotamente, o que levou o CNJ a regulamentar o teletrabalho para os servidores públicos do Poder Judiciário. Dentre as vantagens observadas em estudos sobre o teletrabalho, o CNJ cita, como um dos objetivos da regulamentação, o aumento do comprometimento organizacional e da motivação dos servidores públicos.
Com base nesse objetivo e em estudos sobre o teletrabalho, o comprometimento organizacional, a motivação e a intenção de saída de funcionários, a presente investigação buscou verificar se o teletrabalho tem de fato impactado estes aspectos comportamentais dos servidores públicos do Poder Judiciário brasileiro, trazendo as vantagens esperadas para os tribunais.
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Para tanto, utilizou-se uma abordagem quantitativa de caráter hipotético-dedutivo, com aplicação de um questionário a servidores públicos de um tribunal de justiça estadual do Brasil, com um total de 29 itens de medida para quatro variáveis (TT, CO, MD e IS). Foram recolhidas respostas de 177 servidores em regime presencial, 98 em regime misto, e 58 em regime remoto, totalizando a amostra de 333 respondentes.
Os resultados estatísticos obtidos permitiram a aferição das relações entre as variáveis em estudo, bem como a comparação das médias obtidas com a divisão da amostra em dois grupos: servidores em regimes de teletrabalho; e servidores em regime 100% presencial.
The advancement and dissemination of ICTs enabled the informatization and dematerialization of judicial processes and procedures, giving rise to the so-called e-Justice in the context of e-Government. In Brazil, with the creation, in particular, of the PJe system, the final and ancillary legal activities of the brazilian Justice could be carried out remotely, which led the CNJ to regulate teleworking for public servants of the Judiciary. Among the advantages observed in studies on teleworking, the CNJ cites, as one of the objectives of the regulation, the increase in organizational commitment and motivation of public servants. Based on this objective and studies on telework, organizational commitment, motivation and intention to leave of employees, this investigation sought to verify whether teleworking has in fact impacted these behavioral aspects of public servants in the brazilian Judiciary, bringing the expected advantages to the courts. 3 To this end, a quantitative approach of a hypothetical-deductive nature was used, applying a questionnaire to public employees of a state court of justice in Brazil, with a total of 29 measurement items for four variables (TW, OC, MP and IL). Responses were collected from 177 employees in traditional face-to-face work regime, 98 in mixed mode, and 58 in teleworking, totaling a sample of 333 respondents. The statistical results obtained allowed the measurement of relationships between the variables under study, as well as the comparison of the means obtained with the division of the sample into two groups: employees in some kind of teleworking regime; and employees working 100% in person.
The advancement and dissemination of ICTs enabled the informatization and dematerialization of judicial processes and procedures, giving rise to the so-called e-Justice in the context of e-Government. In Brazil, with the creation, in particular, of the PJe system, the final and ancillary legal activities of the brazilian Justice could be carried out remotely, which led the CNJ to regulate teleworking for public servants of the Judiciary. Among the advantages observed in studies on teleworking, the CNJ cites, as one of the objectives of the regulation, the increase in organizational commitment and motivation of public servants. Based on this objective and studies on telework, organizational commitment, motivation and intention to leave of employees, this investigation sought to verify whether teleworking has in fact impacted these behavioral aspects of public servants in the brazilian Judiciary, bringing the expected advantages to the courts. 3 To this end, a quantitative approach of a hypothetical-deductive nature was used, applying a questionnaire to public employees of a state court of justice in Brazil, with a total of 29 measurement items for four variables (TW, OC, MP and IL). Responses were collected from 177 employees in traditional face-to-face work regime, 98 in mixed mode, and 58 in teleworking, totaling a sample of 333 respondents. The statistical results obtained allowed the measurement of relationships between the variables under study, as well as the comparison of the means obtained with the division of the sample into two groups: employees in some kind of teleworking regime; and employees working 100% in person.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção de grau de Mestre Administração Pública
Palavras-chave
Teletrabalho na Administração Pública Comprometimento Organizacional Motivação para o Desempenho Intenção de Saída Teleworking in Public Administration Organizational Commitment Motivation for Performance Intention to Leave