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Coccidioses em vitelos na região de Montemor-o-Velho
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A presente dissertação refere-se ao estudo desenvolvido no período entre 5 de Novembro de 2007 e 5 de Maio de 2008, integrado na componente prática do Estágio do Curso de Mestrado Integrado na área de Clínica de Espécies Pecuárias. Foi possível acompanhar uma casuística variada na área da Clínica, Reprodução e Cirurgia de Bovinos, dentro da qual foi escolhido o tema “Coccidioses em vitelos na região de Montemor-o-Velho” para desenvolvimento. Nesta dissertação serão abordados os géneros Cryptosporidium e Eimeria, parasitas conhecidos por causarem diarreia, mais ou menos grave, especialmente em vitelos. Foram recolhidas 101 amostras de fezes de vitelos, com idades de dois a 50 dias, distribuídos por 26 explorações na região de Montemor-o-Velho entre 29 de Fevereiro e 28 de Abril de 2008. Na pesquisa de oocistos de Cryptosporidium, utilizaram-se as técnicas de esfregaço fecal directo e pela técnica de esfregaço fecal após concentração pelo método de Ritchie, corados pela técnica de Ziehl-Neelsen modificada. Para a pesquisa de oocistos de Eimeria, as fezes foram analisadas segundo o método de Willis. Para obter informação adicional, foi ainda realizado um inquérito nas explorações sobre condições gerais de maneio e instalações, além de outros factores considerados relevantes, como a existência de história de diarreia neo-natal nas explorações, proveniência das águas de abeberamento e existência de cursos de água próximos das explorações. Os resultados obtidos permitiram detectar a presença de Cryptosporidium em 39,6% (40/101) dos vitelos pela técnica de esfregaço fecal e em 40,6% (41/93) dos animais pela técnica de esfregaço fecal após concentração pelo método de Ritchie modificado, com uma sensibilidade de 75% e 85% respectivamente. A presença de oocistos de Eimeria verificou-se em 10,8% (11/101) de casos. Foram identificados como factores de risco de infecção por Cryptosporidium a idade e o tipo de piso e paredes dos viteleiros.
The current dissertation refers to a study developed between November 5th 2007 and May 5th 2008, as part of the curricular training towards the Integrated Master degree in Veterinary Medicine, in the Farm Animals Medicine field. It was possible to follow diverse clinical cases related to Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Surgery, from which the theme “Coccidiosis in calves in the region of Montemor-o-Velho” was chosen. Cryptosporidium and Eimeria, parasites known to cause mild and severe diarrhea, mostly in calves,.are the two genus mentioned in this dissertation. Fecal samples (n=101) were collected from calves, aged between 2 and 50 days, from 26 farms in the region of Montemor-o-Velho, between February 29th and April 28th, 2008. Presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts was evaluated using direct fecal smears and fecal smears after concentration with a modified Ritchie method, stained by a modified Ziehl-Neelsen method. Eimeria oocysts were detected in fecal samples using Willis method. For additional information, an inquiry was performed at the farms to obtain data about general management conditions, calves housing, and other relevant factors such as history of neo-natal diarrhea, source of drinking water and existence of natural water collections nearby. The obtained results allow to identify the presence of Cryptosporidium in 39,6% (40/101) of calves by direct fecal smears technique and in 40,6% (41/101) animals by fecal smear after concentration with a modified Ritchie method, with a sensibility of 75% for the first and 85% for the latter technique. Presence of Eimeria oocysts was detected in 10,8% (11/101) of samples. Considering Cryptosporidium infection, age and type of soil and walls of calves sheds were identified as risk factors.
The current dissertation refers to a study developed between November 5th 2007 and May 5th 2008, as part of the curricular training towards the Integrated Master degree in Veterinary Medicine, in the Farm Animals Medicine field. It was possible to follow diverse clinical cases related to Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Surgery, from which the theme “Coccidiosis in calves in the region of Montemor-o-Velho” was chosen. Cryptosporidium and Eimeria, parasites known to cause mild and severe diarrhea, mostly in calves,.are the two genus mentioned in this dissertation. Fecal samples (n=101) were collected from calves, aged between 2 and 50 days, from 26 farms in the region of Montemor-o-Velho, between February 29th and April 28th, 2008. Presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts was evaluated using direct fecal smears and fecal smears after concentration with a modified Ritchie method, stained by a modified Ziehl-Neelsen method. Eimeria oocysts were detected in fecal samples using Willis method. For additional information, an inquiry was performed at the farms to obtain data about general management conditions, calves housing, and other relevant factors such as history of neo-natal diarrhea, source of drinking water and existence of natural water collections nearby. The obtained results allow to identify the presence of Cryptosporidium in 39,6% (40/101) of calves by direct fecal smears technique and in 40,6% (41/101) animals by fecal smear after concentration with a modified Ritchie method, with a sensibility of 75% for the first and 85% for the latter technique. Presence of Eimeria oocysts was detected in 10,8% (11/101) of samples. Considering Cryptosporidium infection, age and type of soil and walls of calves sheds were identified as risk factors.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Coccidioses Vitelos Diarreia Cryptosporidium Eimeria Montemor-o-Velho Coccidiosis Calves Diarrhea Cryptosporidium
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária