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Prevalência de excesso de peso e obesidade em consulta externa de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia
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Objetivos: O objetivo primário deste estudo consistiu na avaliação da prevalência de excesso de peso e obesidade em doentes numa consulta externa de Gastrenterologia e Hepatologia. Como objetivos secundários, propusemos avaliar o efeito de alterações dietéticas com e sem seguimento consistente em Consulta de Nutrição e de exercício físico no índice de massa corporal destes doentes.
Métodos: Analisaram-se retrospetivamente 776 doentes consecutivos seguidos em Consulta de Gastrenterologia entre Janeiro 2015 e Dezembro 2020, tendo sido incluídos 211 doentes com excesso de peso e obesidade. Foram colhidos dados demográficos, avaliações analíticas e clínicas, seguimento ou não em consulta de nutrição e prática de atividade física. Utilizou-se SPSS 21.1 para os cálculos estatísticos e assumiu-se o valor de p < 0,05 como estatisticamente significativo.
Resultados: A prevalência de obesidade e excesso de peso foi de 211(27,2%). A média de idade foi de 59±12 anos, sendo 123(58%) do género masculino. Da amostra, 61(29%) padeciam de cirrose com score de Child-Pugh 7±2 e score MELD 7±13. Destes doentes, 47(22%) foram avaliados em consulta de Nutrição e 25(12%) mantiveram seguimento na Consulta de Nutrição. Apenas 27(13%) mantiveram exercício físico. No final de seguimento, os doentes seguidos em Consulta de Nutrição tiveram significativa redução do IMC comparado com o IMC inicial (30,7±4,6 versus 28,3±3,3kg/m2, p<0,001). Não se verificou uma significativa redução do IMC nos doentes que realizaram exercício físico regular comparado com os doentes que não o fizeram (IMC 28,89±2,94 kg/m2 vs 28,95±3,83 kg/m2 p=0,724).
Conclusão: Um terço dos doentes seguidos em consulta de gastroenterologia tinham excesso de peso ou eram obesos. O seguimento em consulta de Nutrição associou-se a significativa redução de peso.
Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in patients attending in an outpatient department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. As secondary objectives, we proposed to evaluate the effect of dietary changes with and without consistent follow-up in a Nutrition Consultation and physical exercise on the body mass index of these patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 776 consecutive patients followed up in a Gastroenterology Consultation between January 2015 and December 2020, including 211 overweight and obese patients. Data such as demographic, analytical and clinical evaluations, nutritional check-ups and physical activity were recorded. SPSS 21.1 was used for statistical calculations and a p-value < 0.05 was assumed to be statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of obesity and overweight was 211 (27.2%). The mean age was 59±12 years, and 123 (58%) were male. Of the sample, 61 (29%) had cirrhosis with Child-Pugh score 7±2 and MELD score 7±13, Of these patients, 47 (22%) were evaluated in a Nutrition consultation and 25 (12%) maintained follow-up at the Nutrition Consultation. Only 27 (13%) maintained physical exercise. At the end of follow-up, patients followed up at the Nutrition Consultation had higher BMI compared to those who were not followed up (30,7±4,6 versus 28,3±3,3kg/m2, p<0,001). On the other hand, there was not a significant reduction in BMI in patients who performed regular physical exercise compared to patients who did not (28,89±2,94 kg/m2 vs 28,95±3,83 kg/m2 p=0,724). Conclusion: One third of patients followed up in gastroenterology consultations were overweight or obese. Follow-up in Nutrition Consultation was associated with significant weight reduction.
Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in patients attending in an outpatient department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. As secondary objectives, we proposed to evaluate the effect of dietary changes with and without consistent follow-up in a Nutrition Consultation and physical exercise on the body mass index of these patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 776 consecutive patients followed up in a Gastroenterology Consultation between January 2015 and December 2020, including 211 overweight and obese patients. Data such as demographic, analytical and clinical evaluations, nutritional check-ups and physical activity were recorded. SPSS 21.1 was used for statistical calculations and a p-value < 0.05 was assumed to be statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of obesity and overweight was 211 (27.2%). The mean age was 59±12 years, and 123 (58%) were male. Of the sample, 61 (29%) had cirrhosis with Child-Pugh score 7±2 and MELD score 7±13, Of these patients, 47 (22%) were evaluated in a Nutrition consultation and 25 (12%) maintained follow-up at the Nutrition Consultation. Only 27 (13%) maintained physical exercise. At the end of follow-up, patients followed up at the Nutrition Consultation had higher BMI compared to those who were not followed up (30,7±4,6 versus 28,3±3,3kg/m2, p<0,001). On the other hand, there was not a significant reduction in BMI in patients who performed regular physical exercise compared to patients who did not (28,89±2,94 kg/m2 vs 28,95±3,83 kg/m2 p=0,724). Conclusion: One third of patients followed up in gastroenterology consultations were overweight or obese. Follow-up in Nutrition Consultation was associated with significant weight reduction.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2022
Palavras-chave
Excesso de peso Obesidade Fígado gordo não alcoólico Consulta de nutrição Exercício Gastroenterologia