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A Novel Approach to Measuring Spatiotemporal Changes in Social Vulnerability at the Local Level in Portugal
Publication . Santos, Pedro Pinto; Zêzere, José; Pereira, Susana; Rocha, Jorge; Tavares, Alexandre Oliveira
Social vulnerability, as one of the risk components, partially explains the magnitude of the impacts observed after a disaster. In this study, a spatiotemporally comparable assessment of social vulnerability and its drivers was conducted in Portugal, at the civil parish level, for three census frames. The first challenging step consisted of the selection of meaningful and consistent variables over time. Data were normalized using the Adjusted Mazziotta-Pareto Index (AMPI) to obtain comparable adimensional-normalized values. A joint principal component analysis (PCA) was applied, resulting in a robust set of variables, interpretable from the point of view of their self-grouping around vulnerability drivers. A separate PCA for each census was also conducted, which proved to be useful in analyzing changes in the composition and type of drivers, although only the joint PCA allows the monitoring of spatiotemporal changes in social vulnerability scores and drivers from 1991 to 2011. A general improvement in social vulnerability was observed for Portugal. The two main drivers are the economic condition (PC1), and aging and depopulation (PC2). The remaining drivers highlighted are uprooting and internal mobility, and daily commuting. Census data proved their value in the territorial, social, and demographic characterization of the country, to support medium- and long-term disaster risk reduction measures.
Exposure and physical vulnerability indicators to assess seismic risk in urban areas: a step towards a multi-hazard risk analysis
Publication . Xofi, Maria; Domingues, José Carlos; Santos, Pedro; Pereira, Susana; Oliveira, Sérgio; Reis, Eusébio; Zêzere, José; Garcia, Ricardo A. C.; Lourenço, Paulo B.; Ferreira, Tiago Miguel
Understanding the impacts of multi-hazard risk in urban areas is a
fundamental step towards the adoption of resilience-enhancement
and disaster prevention strategies, underpinning institutional
adjustments aimed at improving the capacity of the
authorities and stakeholders to manage risk. Within this framework,
the work presented in this paper seeks to identify and analyze
a set of exposure and buildings’ physical vulnerability
indicators to be used as input to a parametric-based seismic vulnerability
assessment methodology for the unreinforced masonry
(URM) building stock of Lisbon Metropolitan Area (LMA). For this
approach, data from the 2011 Census survey are used to define
the parameters describing the building’s physical vulnerability
and characterise the level of exposure in the study area. These
results are then combined with the hazard component into a GIS
tool. Seismic vulnerability results are presented for the URM building
stock in LMA, and a more detailed analysis is conducted for
the building stock of Set ubal municipality. Finally, risk outputs are
presented and briefly discussed. Ultimately, understanding the
impact and extent of multi-hazards can help prioritize resilienceincreasing
actions and disaster prevention measures to mitigate
and manage natural hazards.
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Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Programa de financiamento
3599-PPCDT
Número da atribuição
MIT-EXPL/CS/0018/2019