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The antimicrobial properties of Moringa oleifera Lam. for water treatment: a systematic review
Publication . Bancessi, Aducabe; Pinto, M.Manuela F.; Duarte, Elizabeth; Catarino, Luís; Nazareth, Teresa
Plant extracts have been used as alternatives to the conventional chemical water treatment. Moringa oleifera Lam. is one
of the plants used for this purpose due to its antimicrobial and coagulant properties. However, there is no systematization
of Moringa’s application methodology. Different parts of the plant, extraction methods and concentrations can be
applied to remove several pathogens present in contaminated drinking water. In the present work, reported Moringa
applications with antimicrobial effect were systematically reviewed, in order to identify effective methodology(ies) for
water treatment. Forty-nine articles were screened for: (1) part of the plant used, (2) extraction method, (3) extract
concentration, (4) targeted pathogens, and (5) inhibition zone obtained. Nine articles complied with these criteria and
were carefully analyzed; eight of them reported on leaf extracts and only one on seed extracts. Two approaches were
used: analysis by pathogen and overall analysis. A total of eight different extraction methods were reported. Extract
concentrations used ranged from 0.02 to 800 mg mL−1 and were tested on twenty pathogens. Our analysis revealed that
none of such methods is effective against all the tested pathogens. However, leaf extracts obtained with distilled water
or with 95% ethanol were the most effective ones for a higher number of pathogens such as Escherichia coli and, possibly,
Vibrio cholerae. Moreover, Moringa’s extract concentration of 30 mg mL−1 obtained by the 95% ethanol extraction
method was the most efficient. Findings suggest an effective procedure to use Moringa, reinforcing its importance as an
environmentally friendly alternative for water treatment in areas lacking a water supply system
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Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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OE
Número da atribuição
69555