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- Temporalities of onward migration: long-term temporariness, cyclical labour arrangements and lived time in the cityPublication . McGarrigle, Jennifer; Ascensão, EduardoThis chapter thus seeks to explore the temporal and spatial dimensions of Lisbon as an interlude in ongoing migration projects. It is based on fieldwork conducted in the ambit of a project on the socio-spatial integra tion of migrants living in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (McGarrigle, 2016). While the study was wider in its scope – including further neigh bourhood case studies and Portuguese-speaking post-colonial migrantion populations with historical links to the country´s history – in this chapter we focus on a sub-sample of more recent migrants from Bangladesh, Pakistan and India. It draws on narratives from 45 interviews on migration trajectories, the process of settling in the city, experiences of living in Lisbon and future migration aspirations. Interviews were conducted, following snowball sampling, between 2012 and 2014 in two areas important for South Asian migrants living and entering the city: the diverse inner-city neighbourhood of Mouraria and the suburban area of Odivelas, where contacts were made at a Sikh place of worship (Gurd wara) for Punjabi-born people (a relatively recently settled community in Lisbon).1 The sample is largely male (42) due to difficulties in interview ing females (three), who are fewer in number and less present in the public sphere. Time of arrival in Portugal ranges between 1996 and 2014; however the vast majority arrived from around 2006 onwards
- Emplaced mobilities: Lisbon as a translocality in the migration journeys of Punjabi Sikhs to EuropePublication . McGarrigle, Jennifer; Ascensão, EduardoThe arrival in Portugal of recent migrants from the Indian subcontinent is normally a secondary movement from within Europe tied to the search for a regular pathway into legal integration in the EU. However, as favourable migration policy is not paired with easy economic integration onward migration is common. We argue that such complex migration strategies cannot be amply explored through an origin–destination model; instead we suggest that a translocal perspective provides a framework to examine connections and experiences of emplacement in places of passage/reception like Lisbon. Through a qualitative study of the migration journeys and emplaced practices of Punjabi migrants in Lisbon, our findings highlight relationality between multiple scales, elucidating how agency and structure interact at micro and macro levels in shaping migration experiences and outcomes. We show how the materiality of local community structures ensures the navigation of daily life in the city and provides pathways toward legality contributing to wider mobility regimes. Moreover, we illustrate how onward migration represents an individual strategy to realise different aspects of integration in other EU destinations challenging nation-statebound understandings of citizenship/settlement and integration.