CEAUL/ULICES - AS - Série III - nº 4 – 2012
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- Nunning, A. & J. Schlaeger, eds. English studies today: recent developments and new directions. Trier, 2009.Publication . Flor, João Almeida, 1943-This seminal collection of essays aims at overviewing the state of the art and mapping the prospects of English studies in Germany, as they have evolved from the traditional philological paradigm into a proliferation of approaches that reflect some distinctive features of postmodern scholarship. Nevertheless, the broad framework of dominant trends turns what might have been a national case study into a wide-range scrutiny of the status of English in the European context of Modern Humanities. Furthermore, the volume indirectly illuminates the mission and role of universities, now that educational patterns are challenged by a purely utilitarian rationale that subordinates scientific qualification to the demands of the job market.
- Rocha, Clara. A caneta que escreve e a que prescreve. Lisboa: Babel, 2011.Publication . Fernandes, Isabel, 1953-Se uma palavra pode resumir um volume tão vasto e tão ambicioso como o é esta antologia, A caneta que escreve e a que prescreve (2011), publicada pela Babel, com o apoio da Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, variedade será talvez aquela que melhor define o empreendimento levado a cabo com mestria por Clara Rocha. Um atributo que não lhe compromete o interesse consistente nem a necessária coerência, assegurada, neste caso, quer pelo denominador comum temático: a doença, a medicina e a literatura, quer pelo cuidado filológico em geral observado nas opções editoriais seguidas — Clara Rocha e a sua colaboradora, Teresa Jorge Ferreira, são nisso “professoras até à medula”. Variados são os géneros literários, as épocas (cobrindo do séc. 13 ao séc. 21), e os autores, conferindo ao conjunto uma ampla respiração e criando-lhe simultaneamente uma moldura capaz de acolher e desdobrar com proveito a complexidade e delicadeza que o tema comporta. Acrescenta-lhe valia o excelente prefácio de Emílio Rui Vilar que cumpre com salutar eficácia a sua função, incitando-nos à leitura.
- Disciplinas da tradução literária na Universidade de LisboaPublication . Flor, João Almeida, 1943-Em sintonia com as celebrações religiosas da festa de S. Jerónimo, marcada a 30 de Setembro nos calendários litúrgicos, propomo-nos apresentar breves reflexões sobre actividades académicas no campo da tradução, prática que naturalmente adopta como patrono aquele Doutor da Igreja. Com efeito, as questões de exegese, de hermenêutica e de reescrita, subjacentes à criação inspirada da Vulgata bíblica latina, na transição para o século V, mantêm ainda hoje uma actualidade essencial. Como sabemos, tal pertinência revela-se sobremaneira nas múltiplas situações que fazem parte integrante do labor de quantos se dedicam à tradução interlinguística de textos literários, enquanto representações referenciais, conotativas e polissémicas do universo objectual do discurso, verbalmente tecidas por complexas redes interactivas de imagens, símiles, metáforas ou símbolos recorrentes. Em conformidade com tal posição, julgamos ser legítimo e vantajoso visar aqui dois objectivos complementares que contribuam para a formação identitária ou para a reciclagem metodológica dos actuais investigadores. Por um lado, transmitir uma visão pessoal acerca de questões relacionadas com a prática, teoria, crítica e história da tradução literária, na fase da sua implantação disciplinar no quadro da Universidade de Lisboa. Por outro lado, contribuir para que esse olhar retrospectivo motive todos os implicados a pugnar pelo pleno reconhecimento institucional do estatuto independente, embora interdependente, de saberes que lhes cabe continuar e expandir em variadas direcções.
- Snowy fusion: Andersen's Snow Queen and the Grimm's Snow White blend in A.S. Byatt's FiammarosaPublication . Cheira, Alexandra Isabel Bugio Bonito Batista, 1972-“Cold”, the wonder tale which, in Elementals, fully justifies the secondary title Stories of Fire and Ice, is a sophisticated seduction game which brings the reader close to the text by means of both a microscopic and a telescopic lens, as this story draws on two female universes that the colour white will (dis)unite: goodness and evil. I further emphasise this dichotomy by arguing that Byatt’s tale assimilates opposites in the symbolic meanings of white as a privileged signature of feminine identity. In order to better analyse the way Byatt resumes traditional wonder tales’ colour white only to subvert and write it anew in her fiction, I will read “Cold” on a par with Hans Christien Andersen’s “Snow Queen” and the Brothers Grimm’s “Snow White”. I will evince the link between this colour and the motif of ice and snow, which is apparent in the titles of these traditional tales and hinted at in the title of Byatt’s tale, as another double-meaning symbol for female identity in the three tales. I will finally look closely at the way Byatt thoroughly explodes the dichotomy which pushes women into the corset of polar figurations of asexual angels and demonic temptresses in her female protagonist, Fiammarosa, by blending the eponymous wonder tales’ evil and good female characters through the colour white.
- 'of mens and them': caribbean english in V.S. Naipaul's "Love, Love, Love Alone"Publication . Barros, Rita Queirós de, 1968-Though literature is dominated by standard language, it often makes use of other linguistic varieties. This polyglossic device has been a resource of Anglophone literature since the 14th century, with mimetic, comic and/or ideological functions, and earned the attention of literary critics and, more recently, of translation studies researchers. However, though linguistic realism is not a goal of literary texts, it seems reasonable to claim that the analysis of the linguistic variation in literature will benefit from the teachings of linguistics. Such conviction is tested in this paper by means of an analysis of V. S. Naipaul’s semi-autobiographical “Love, Love, Love, Alone”, set in Trinidad, in which Standard English is used by non-local characters and the narratorial voice and Caribbean English is brought into dialogue by Trinidadian characters, including the participant narrator. The scrutiny of the text and the consideration of both technical descriptions of the linguistic situation of Trinidad and the concepts of linguistic repertoire, code switching and hypercorrection have unveiled a consistency in the recreation of local English that critics consider untypical of literature and shown that the English language Naipaul claimed as his was probably less monolithic than implied so far.
- European english varieties: a contribution to the study of the characteristics of nativisation processesPublication . Monteiro, Maria Goreti da SilvaMargie Berns (6-7) states that as a result of the fact that European English is used by a rising number of non-native speakers, their English is becoming more and more distinct from the native speakers’ variety. Because this is the language mostly used in European Union institutions and is, simultaneously, the language traditionally used for doing business, Continental Europeans are continuously bending British English so as to convey the full significance of their own language. Consequently, Europeans are communicating in a growing number of European English varieties. As such, the purpose of this paper is to study a corpus of business correspondence, which took place in English as a foreign language among technicians from seven different European countries, in order to find individual features in terms of grammar, word order and vocabulary and thus contribute to establish the characteristics of different European varieties of English.
- English as a lingua franca in Russia: from a macro to a micro perspectivePublication . Lazaretnaya, Olesya, 1983-In the second decade of the 21st century English in Russia manifests itself in a range of domains such as education, workplace, media, entertainment, advertising, creative and identity domains. Such unprecedented spread is more frequently attributed to the status ensured to the speakers of English in social, cultural, and economic spheres. Depending on the level of proficiency and the situation involved, the English language is associated with many Englishes, including such local varieties as Russian English, Runglish and/or Ruslish. Currently in use both as a foreign language and more widely as a lingua franca, English builds links to international community and serves as a language of expression of national and cultural identity.
- English as an international language and language policies in economics journalsPublication . Henshall, Ann Cecelia, 1963-English is often claimed to be the international language of science and research. Indeed Svartvik and Leech (156) include such a variety — international standard English or world standard English — in their model of Englishes. In their conception they disregard the spelling and style conventions imposed by journals. Given growing pressure for academics from around the world to publish in certain English-medium journals, the journal submission guidelines offer important information for authors. Yet, while there is increasing awareness of the burden imposed on EAL scholars in having to write scientific articles in English, little attention has been paid to the language policies of the international journals. The aim of this article is to synthesise the language policies of the economics journals referenced on the Institute for Scientific Information’s (ISI) Journal of Citation Reports (JCR) and re-examine two models of World Englishes in light of these policies. The overview shows that many journals operate on unstated assumptions of English and normative views prevail. The ensuing discussion raises issues related to intelligibility and standard, identity, prescriptivism and hegemony.
- 'But in movies they speak different' - Meeting young learner's expectationsPublication . Graça, Isabel SantosThis chapter argues on balancing young learners’ expectations with teaching and apprenticeship environments and teacher’s choices for models in the context of extracurricular activities. It reflects upon implications in pedagogy, which may lead to adjustments of the teaching of English to the current global reality. At a time where English is increasingly spoken by Europeans and following approaches of English as a lingua franca (ELF) by authors as Barbara Seidlhofer (2001), Jennifer Jenkins (2006) and others, reflections on new roles played by English and ELF concept are considered. Portuguese learners connect with English inside and outside school. Young learners notice certain «differences» of accent and grammar rules, considering English language used in and outside classrooms. Aiming at overcoming that gap and developing the communicative skill in learners, it seems understandable to adjust the teaching of English introducing aspects related to ELF studies. Nevertheless, developing activities according to linguistic policies is required. Thus, teachers face a serious challenge in not letting down expectations of young learners in mastering a language they look forward to use in the future, in their personal and professional paths.
- Taking on EIL in school curriculumPublication . Cavalheiro, Lili LopesThe linguistic, cultural and functional diversity related with the English language in today’s world has led to the reconsideration of fundamental assumptions in English Language Teaching (ELT), and rethinking traditional pedagogical practices. Teachers and policy makers are faced with challenging issues concerning which instructional variety should be chosen to guide the various aspects of a curriculum. Up to now, this decision was generally made without much thought, based on former concepts or the status quo (particular emphasis being given to Standard British or Standard American English). But, when considering today’s society use of English as an international language (EIL), several factors should be further contemplated — these include: students’ needs and goals, teachers’ expertise and available resources. This article gives particular emphasis to teaching materials used in classrooms. The importance of developing materials for effective language learning will be discussed, as well as some of the main principles for creating materials that can help prepare students to interact successfully in English international contexts.