Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2020-01-16"
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- Repressão e sexualidade - tela brancaPublication . Dinis, Martim João Duarte; Sabino, IsabelThis project aims to investigate the creative process of painting from something intimate: the repression and sexuality in my childhood and adolescence. We are today in a society that has made great strides in the legal realm and a substantial transformation of mentalities, nevertheless it is still governed by patriarchal and heteronormative views. In our society, identity still needs to be built. The first chapter, entitled "Repression and Homosexual Identity," draws on authors such as Foucault and Butler to understand current thinking about sexuality and identity outside heteronormative patterns, and to analyze the work of some queer artists since the nineteenth century. The second chapter, entitled "The White Canvas: The Creative Act", calls on authors such as Baudelaire, Berger, Deleuze, Hockney, and Kandinsky to explore the relationship that is established with the empty space - the white canvas - by clarifying the movements that precede the physical creative process, the discussion about the validity of painting, the multiplicity and accessibility of existing images, as well as a historical reflection on the artistic language of painting. From this reflection there is the need to develop the artistic project of repression and sexuality to the visual plane, contemplating the reflection on concepts such as the notion of "beauty" of Baudelaire, the need for "emptying" of Deleuze, the validity of painting after the appearance of photography, the multiplicity and accessibility of existing images. After this awareness of the power of the image, the third chapter investigates visual artists that relate to the theme and the use of a personal archive, such as Richter, Tuymans, Dumas, Bacon and Hockney, in order to build a new reality. This through the medium of painting, which simultaneously reveal and omit (the visible and the invisible) images of events and bodily sensations. Thus, the works created seek to explore the affective links with memory, rituals and institutions attended. In parallel, the artistic project integrates the conceptual and aesthetic concerns, raised in the analysis of so many authors, to execute on the "white canvas" personal moments, in a series that I call "Atonement".
- Autorrepresentação e arte contemporânea: identidade/alteridade - matérias e memóriasPublication . Faria, Orlando da Rosa; Pedro, Jose Manuel Guerra QuaresmaThis investigation is included in the doctoral program in Plastic Arts, specialization in Painting, from the Fine Arts School in the Lisbon University. It intends to investigate, in a theoretical and practical way, the personal identity in contemporaneity. The text tries to discern several aspects relating to different questionings and perceptions about the «self». Its main purpose is to analyze how those perceptions have repercussions on my creative process, specifically in relation to the self-representation, starting from the series of paintings of self-portraits named Heads: autopsy of a pictorial process. The text presents how the individual, with a stable feeling of his identity and place in the order of things; centred, unified and equal to himself – that emerged in the Modern Age – is being rearranged in our days, and how those circumstances interfere and taint the theoretical and practical fields, and relate to the exploratory /creative process. In other words, the point is to divert the attention from what it would be the «true essence» of the existential subject, to invest in the permanent learning process of new forms of being, by means of the egological-hermeneutic synthesis that allows the individual to re-elaborate his subjective contents and, thus, to differentiate his own singularity, though considered in a different way, by the intensification of the processes of social interaction; which demands to absorb the plasticity needed to the actualizations of the multiple sides of the self, in an unique, multiple and integrated time; to internalize the subject that builds himself from a feeling that assumes the identity as multiplicity, and to find, through the art, new meanings for himself and for life. These are subjective approaches that permit improvisations, ruptures and fragmentations, born in the dialogue between memory, the mentalities of the paintings and the world, the body and its shadow, and the travels. This facilitates the frictions, the conflicts and the differences, in on hand, inherent to the creation and the artistic doing; on the other hand, equivalent to the personal and interpersonal processes of leaving the centre, diversification, dilution and multiplicity that characterize the «new» human condition, named post-modern. It's this supposed meeting, this eventual logic between the subjectivist and hermeneutic approach of «painting and photograph realizations» – examined from the production of the series of works proposed as Study Object – and an objective and theoretical approach of the post-modern condition, of the «multiple and integrated» subject, that defines my hypothesis.
- Nitrogen and sulfur deposition over a region in SW Europe based on a regional atmospheric chemical transport modelPublication . Oliveira, Maria Alexandra; Tomlinson, S.J.; Carnell, E.J.; Dore, A.J.; Serrano, H C; Vieno, M.; Cordovil, C.M.d.S.; Dragosits, U.; Sutton, M.A.; Branquinho, Cristina; Pinho, PedroAir quality affects both ecosystems and human health. To assess the effects of air pollution, spatially explicit information of pollutants is needed. Atmospheric chemistry transport models are the best option to estimate concentrations and deposition of pollutants, from local to regional scales. However, concentration and deposition maps derived from available regional and global models are typically given at spatial resolutions of 10–50 km and do not contain information at sufficiently high spatial resolution (i.e. ≤ 5 km × 5 km) to identify risks and to develop solutions to protect the ecosystems and human health. Here, we provide deposition and concentration of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) at a 5 km × 5 km resolution for the western Iberian Peninsula. The new maps are a major improvement over existing information due to the higher spatial resolution. Comparison with measurements indicates that all maps for N compounds are fit for purpose. Nitrogen deposition in W Iberia ranged from 3 to 38.6 kg N·ha−1·year−1, averaging 8.2 kg N·ha−1·year−1 with a higher contribution from reduced N forms (62%). Deposition of oxidized forms mainly prevailed in urban and industrial areas and in coastal locations. The contribution of wet deposition was slightly higher (55%) than dry deposition and more important in the North, following the pattern of precipitation. Dry deposition is higher closer to emission sources. Due to their high spatial resolution, these maps can be used for policy development to support ecosystem protection, through the identification of areas at greater risk due to high N deposition. National policy efforts to reduce N pollution must, foremost, target ammonia (NH3) emissions in rural areas and oxidized nitrogen (NOx) emissions in urban and industrialized areas.
- A atividade física das pessoas com dificuldades intelectuais e desenvolvimentaisPublication . Diz, Susana Cristina Oliveira; Santos, Ana Sofia Pedrosa Gomes dosArtigo I: A atividade física (AF) tem demonstrando inúmeros benefícios para a saúde, sendo fundamental a sua prática regular por pessoas com Dificuldade Intelectual e Desenvolvimental (DID), apesar da tendência para a inatividade física. Esta revisão sistemática objetiva analisar o estado de arte da AF das pessoas com DID, em Portugal. Diversas bases de dados foram pesquisadas, e a avaliação metodológica dos estudos foi realizada pela Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Dos 8740 estudos iniciais, apenas 6 corresponderam aos critérios pré-estabelecidos, com um total de 145 participantes, sendo apenas um classificado como moderado e os restantes como fortes. É visível a escassez de estudos, apesar dos existentes reportarem a importância da AF na saúde, bem-estar e qualidade de vida dos indivíduos com DID. A implementação de programas de AF estruturados revela melhorias na capacidade aeróbica, bem como na capacidade funcional, funcionamento executivo, força muscular e composição corporal de praticantes com DID de AF, quando comparado com os pares sedentários. As evidências a nível nacional ainda são escassas, recomendando-se a aposta na investigação com amostras mais representativas e significativas para a implementação de programas, em diversos contextos ajustados e validados.
- EEG Neurofeedback active athlete students : a methodological aproachPublication . Domingues, Christophe dos Santos; Pereira, José Henriques Fuentes GomesNeurofeedback training is a recent technique in sport and the protocols for its application in improving sports performance are based largely on existing protocols in non-athletic populations or there is still not enough robustness to be a valid protocol for safe replication. Based on this existing gap, several protocols increasing the individual alpha band were proposed to improve performance in active and athlete students. In addition to the protocols, it was also proposed to verify the behaviour of the other frequency bands during the increase of the individual alpha band training and if the effects persist after one month of the last training session. This dissertation is composed of four studies where three of these studies were based on the best protocols to be applied (the first one tried to understand if the effects of a protocol performed to a non-athletic population would be equal when submitted to an athletic population, the second one tried to figure out which was the best weekly training frequency to attain the best results, and the third one sought to understand whether the place where the collection were performed, conditioned the final results) and were submitted to peer-reviewed journals. The fourth study is divided into two minor studies (one that demonstrates the behaviour of the other frequency bands during training and another that tries to see if the effects persist after a month). The total sample was 74 subjects (60 active or athlete students and 14 sedentary). Each study was conducted on 30 active or athlete students over 5 to 8 weeks of a supervised neurofeedback training and were composed of an experimental group and a control group. Exception for study 1 where the sample consisted of 45 subjects (two experimental groups and a control group) and had a duration between 8 to10 weeks. There were 12 training sessions that consisted of 25 min. It was verified that the active or athlete students had different results from the sedentary when applied the same protocol (study 1), the most frequent protocol is the one that has better results compared to all the other protocols(study 2) and that to carry out sessions in an environment with intermittent noise or without noise does not present differences in active or athlete students (study 3). Additionally, it was verified that the less frequent bands tend to increase with the training and the opposite occurs with the most frequent bands. It was also concluded that individual alpha band training and performance testing persist after one month.
- Writing the Unknown : Fiction, Reality, and the Supernatural in the Late-Nineteenth Century Short Story (Machado, James, Maupassant)Publication . Reis, Amândio Pereira; Buescu, Helena Etelvina de Lemos Carvalhão; Salado, Régis Augustin FrançoisThis dissertation offers a comparative perspective on the supernatural short stories of Machado de Assis, Henry James, and Guy de Maupassant written in the final decades of the nineteenth century. Contextualizing my close interpretation of the texts in this historical period, which corresponds to the birth of the modern short story and, at the same time, of the modern fantastic, I argue that notwithstanding their differences, which are also taken into consideration, these three authors similarly explore the supernatural as a subgenre that given its intrinsic association with the unnatural and, by extension, with the unknown, allows them to approach, through fiction, the various dimensions of an epistemological problem. But this epistemological problem is intimately connected with the nature and experience of literary language, which these authors consistently represent, thematize, and even allegorize in their supernatural short stories. Thus, the main goal of this dissertation is not to arrive at a strict definition of the late-nineteenth century supernatural story, but to investigate the ways in which, in different linguistic, cultural, and literary contexts, the genre resists stabilization and problematizes itself in a constant correlation with various notions of “fiction” and “reality”, as exemplified in the literary as well as critical works of Machado, James, and Maupassant. In this sense, this study distances itself from more habitual approaches that tend to analyze these authors as more or less non-conforming cases of the “fantastic” proper. Instead, I focus on how they explore and renovate the genre through the employment of diverse formal and/or narrative elements — namely, the use of multiple diegetic levels, the figuration of ghostly manuscripts, and the metaliterary representation of writing — which together contribute to form a common notion of “supernatural textuality” that has largely escaped critical attention. My final objective is to demonstrate that a close analysis of these typically neglected texts shows that they are “modern”, also, and above all, because they rhetorically, structurally, and thematically formulate an implicit reflection on literature that focuses on its imaginative ability to represent the unreal by giving shape to the unknown.
- O Rasaboxes na criação cênica : um exercício em torno de um conto de Mia CoutoPublication . Martins, Rodrigo Viegas; Brilhante, Maria JoãoO presente projeto explora através do Rasaboxes uma forma de fazer teatro à partir da performatividade presente no trabalho do ator: A abordagem do jogo criado por Richard Schechner não se limitando apenas à criação cênica, mas também ao processo de ensaios e concepção de uma peça de teatro. O conto “O Arroto de Dona Elisa”, de Mia Couto, é o escolhido para ser dramatizado através das ações físicas criadas exclusivamente dentro do Rasaboxes . À partir da história do conto de Couto, personagens, narrações, diálogos e a própria encenação adaptaram o conto em uma peça curta, “O Arroto da Dona”. O processo inteiramente baseado em improvisações dentro das rasas revelam que o Rasaboxes é uma maneira de formação e especialização do ofício do ator. Dessa maneira, a pesquisa e o laboratório prático pretendem elucidar o conteúdo didático do Rasaboxes , da improvisação dentro do jogo rásico e da performatividade que o ator deve alcançar em seu trabalho.
- High-Throughput production and characterization of Carbohydrate-Active enZYmes for animal nutritionPublication . Lopes, Vânia Alexandra da Silva Cardoso; Fontes, Carlos Mendes Godinho de Andrade; Brás, Joana Luís ArmadaThe biodegradation of plant cell wall (PCW) carbohydrates is performed by microbial enzymes that are generally referred to as CAZymes. In animal nutrition, it is now well established that the monogastric animals produce a limited repertoire of CAZymes and as such cannot use efficiently some dietary ingredients that sometimes display antinutritional properties. The dietary supplementation with exogenous CAZymes improves the nutritive value of diets and increases animal’s performance. In particular, this study demonstrated that 1,3-1,4-β-glucanases and not cellulases improve the nutritive value of β-glucan-containing diets for monogastric animals. In addition, it was revealed that exogenous enzyme supplementation with β-xylanases improved the nutritive value of diets incorporating wheat lots with high viscosity and low endogenous endo-1,4-β-xylanase activity. In contrast, when the wheat lot showed lower viscosity and higher levels of endogenous endo-1,4-β-xylanase activity, broiler response was clearly diminished. Moreover, the data revealed that xylo-oligosaccharides released by xylanases acting on cereal arabinoxylans display a pre-biotic and positive effect in broiler chicks. However, although we observe an exponential accumulation of genomic and metagenomic information, knowledge on CAZYmes with potential to be used in animal nutrition is limited. This work also aimed to develop high-throughput (HTP) methodologies to isolate and characterize potentially important enzymes for animal nutrition. Thus, 1476 recombinant enzymes were selected and produced recombinantly. The data revealed that 79% of recombinant proteins were produced in the soluble form in Escherichia coli. Factors, such as, organism of origin, gene production strategy, fusion with solubility tags, protein molecular weight and amino acids composition of primary sequences may be used to justify and predict levels of solubility. The establishment of a high-throughput pipeline for recombinant enzyme production was used to obtain a library of feruloyl esterases (FAEs) and glucuronoyl esterases (GEs), enzymes which remove the side chains and break crosslinks between hemicellulosic carbohydrates and lignin. Thus 480 putative FAEs and 20 GEs were produced and biochemically characterized. Following gene isolation, 372 FAEs and 11 GEs were produced in a soluble form in E. coli. Activity results showed that 50% of the enzymes produced retained significant levels of activity and stability. The library of innovative FAEs and GEs produced during this project will be used to develop a novel generation of enzymes for animal nutrition, in particular to exploit the release of cellulose and hemicellulose from lignin.