Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-07-01"
Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Human-canine dyads : identifying dysfunctional relationships, a portuguese casePublication . Teixeira, Rute Saraiva Canejo dos Santos Rodrigues; Niza, Maria Manuela Grave Rodeia Espada; Baptista, Luís VicenteThe human-dog dyad is thought to be the oldest existing domestic partnership and is generally mutually beneficial for both members of the partnership. Dysfunction in the human-dog dyad, however, produces serious consequences for each member of the partnership and also for society at large. Research into these relationships has addressed only the consequences of dysfunction, making prevention difficult. This project set out to evaluate the possibility of pre-emptively identifying dysfunction in such dyads by using dog health histories easily available in clinical contexts. To that end, the researcher developed a simple, one-page questionnaire that was disseminated in the greater metropolitan areas of Lisbon, Portugal, and was made available online. By identifying a dog’s biting history, trauma, or involvement in a vehicular accident, the researcher was able to suggest the possibility of the dog’s involvement in a dysfunctional dyad. To classify the canine behaviour traits essential for establishing the general characteristics of dysfunctional dyads, the researcher developed the European Portuguese Canine Behaviour Assessment and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ). The psychometric properties were evaluated, and the instrument showed excellent to respectable consistency. The result was a canine behavioural questionnaire that established 13 different personality traits. A more extensive questionnaire was then administered to the same population in Lisbon, Portugal, aimed at identifying husbandry and noting dog and human characteristics within dysfunctional dyads. The results suggest that dogs housed on verandas or on plots of land, dogs that were fed diets purchased at agricultural cooperatives, dogs with C-BARQ scores showing high owner-directed aggression (ODA), dog-directed agressoion/fear (DAF) and dog rivalry (DR) were more likely to be part of dysfunctional dyads. Similarly, owners with high neuroticism scores and low lie/social desirability scores on the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-R) were also more likely to be part of these partnerships. These characteristics were then used to develop two predicative models – the Predicted Dysfunction with Dog and Owner Characteristics (PDDOC) and the Predicted Dysfunction with Dog Characteristics (PDDC) – that successfully predicted dysfunction in 79.7% and 80.1% of cases respectively. These findings reveal the feasibility of pre-emptively identifying dysfunctional human-dog dyads. As a result, this pre-emptive identification can be used to take preventative action – specifically the development of educational programs, the improvement of human-dog pairings, and the equipping of veterinarians to better prevent and/or correct dysfunction.
- As Letras da Cidade : tipografia e Cor como orientadores da Sociedade Contemporânea LisboetaPublication . Dinis, Tiago André GonçalvesThe intent of the Project is to understand typography’s social interaction in contemporary urban daily life, the processes of wayfinding it creates and its identity reminiscence, focused in Alcântara, Lisbon. In order to reveal the capacity of these components, we try to find an answer for the initial problem by studying its triggering elements, sending the timeline of the project to the present, using a urbanist vision of a type of Lisbon that changes and recreates itself through new structures producing a new urban landscape without identity. This transformation occurs in a time where the speed of the contemporary city deforms the processes of human communication, an era of increasing globalization, accompanied by the necessity of the elements that guide the urban passenger through the surrounding space. Typography, as an element of urban composition, appears in the project as the main point of relationship between the past and the contemporaneity of global cities through advertising, expression and the need for social information, here with a portrait of Lisbon, in particular the parish of Alcântara. The industrial past of the Valley is a general theme of analysis of the project, its relationship with the industrial revolution, the social and anthropological movements it has been targeting and its topographic transformation. Components of an analysis to the identity of the Parish that enabled the development of pieces and proposals that relate the Letter to the city, thus a new process of wayfinding malleable to all the groups travelling that space. Today, structured by different social groups, Alcântara presents itself as a constantly growing parish, with a developing urban flow and a gradual tourist influx that requires a new communicative structure to give users (locals and tourists) answer to their visual and spacial necessities. Therefore, based on its identity, typography and color, that the design pieces producing new paths and experiences were developed – a new process of communicative wayfinding that will give a unique highlight to Alcântara
- “A maximum in its kind”. The problem of the absolute between Novalis and KantPublication . Silva, Fernando M. F.The problem of the absolute, in its religious, political, aesthetic and/or philosophical scopes, is one of the fundamental propeller springs of 18th century thought, especially in Kant’s time and until the period of German Idealism. This paper intends to approach the problem in its philosophical-aesthetic dimension and to discern how the problem of thinking or experiencing the absolute, in the form of philosophical systematicity, as it was legated by Kant and his generation, was one of the main theoretical questions received by a whole generation of young authors. In order to best demonstrate this, we chose the example of the poet and philosopher Novalis. Our objective is, therefore, to investigate how openly, or how negatively Novalis read Kant’s proposition of the a priori and the critical edifice based upon it, and to render evident Novalis’ negation of the possibility of experiencing the absolute but in an “infinite approximation”. We also seek to suggest what could have been Kant’s reply to the objections, namely, an anthropological reply that might have shown the full reach of Kant’s conception of his critical edifice and his philosophical reflection, which might have displayed a new dimension of the reflection on the human in Kant, and thus might have partially exempted the philosopher from the reproaches of his younger readers. Finally, we want to present both Novalis’ and Kant’s (to a certain extent) surprisingly close conception of poetry as the key for the philosophical problem of the absolute.
- Effectiveness on hospital-acquired pressure ulcers prevention : a systematic reviewPublication . Gaspar, Susana; Peralta, Miguel; Marques, Adilson; Budri, Aglécia; Matos, Margarida Gaspar deThe effective approach on pressure ulcer (PU) prevention regarding patient safety in the hospital context was evaluated. Studies were identified from searches in EBSCO host, PubMed, and WebofScience databases from 2009 up to December 2018. Studies were selected if they were published in English, French, Portuguese, or Spanish; incidence of PUs was the primary outcome; participants were adults (≥18 years) admitted in hospital wards and/or units. The review included 26 studies. Studies related to prophylactic dressings applied in the sacrum, trochanters, and/or heels, education for health care professionals, and preventive skin care and system reminders on-screen inpatient care plan were effective in decreasing PUs. Most of the studies related to multiple intervention programmes were effective in decreasing PU occurrence. Single interventions, namely support surfaces and repositioning, were not always effective in preventing PUs. Repositioning only was effective when supported by technological pressure-mapping feedback or by a patient positioning system. Risk-assessment tools are not effective in preventing PUs. PUs in the hospital context are still a worldwide issue related to patient safety. Multiple intervention programmes were more effective in decreasing PU occurrence than single interventions in isolation. Single interventions (prophylactic dressings, support surfaces, repositioning, preventive skin care, system reminders, and education for health care professionals) were effective in decreasing PUs, which was always in compliance with other preventive measures. These results provide an overview of effective approaches that should be considered when establishing evidence-based guidelines to hospital health care professionals and administrators for clinical practice effective in preventing PUs.