Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-04"
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- Há um esquema que tem de ser formatado : o homem de vidro, os génios de Tlön e a distorção da experiênciaPublication . Marques, Manuel Silvério; Cabral, Maria de JesusCada vez mais, a reabilitação e a paliação, têm lugar nobre em medicina, cirurgia, enfermagem, fisioterapia e profissões afins. O mesmo devia acontecer com a observação e a palpação. Documentamos o interesse, para o campo das Humanidades Médicas, de temas associados à experiência tocante/tocado e, no horizonte da prática clínica, contextualizamos e problematizamos aspectos de duas obras polémicas: Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius, de Borges e Le Toucher de Derrida. Tentaremos abordar o sentido dos sentidos e dos sensibilia à luz da fenomenologia médica. A inteligibilidade, a supremacia da corporalidade e do contacto e o lugar do tacto e da percepção háptica são relevados.
- Literacy improves short-term serial recall of spoken verbal but not visuospatial items Evidence from illiterate and literate adultsPublication . Smalle, Eleonore H. M.; Szmalec, Arnaud; Bogaerts, Louisa; Page, Mike P. A.; Narang, Vaishna; Misra, Deepshikha; Araújo, Susana; Lohagun, Nishant; Khan, Ouroz; Singh, Anuradha; Mishra, Ramesh; Huettig, FalkIt is widely accepted that specific memory processes, such as serial-order memory, are involved in written language development and predictive of reading and spelling abilities. The reverse question, namely whether orthographic abilities also affect serial-order memory, has hardly been investigated. In the current study, we compared 20 illiterate people with a group of 20 literate matched controls on a verbal and a visuospatial version of the Hebb paradigm, measuring both short- and long-term serial-order memory abilities. We observed better short-term serial-recall performance for the literate compared with the illiterate people. This effect was stronger in the verbal than in the visuospatial modality, suggesting that the improved capacity of the literate group is a consequence of learning orthographic skills. The long-term consolidation of ordered information was comparable across groups, for both stimulus modalities. The implications of these findings for current views regarding the bi-directional interactions between memory and written language development are discussed.
- As caixas de Emília Nadal e outras caixasPublication . Costa, Sara Antunes Prata Dias da, 1973-The present work analyses the work of Emilia Nadal in what concerns her theme of ‘boxes’, mainly focusing on her work of the seventies. This work also seeks to reflect on the thematic of the ‘box’ in a much more comprehensive way, starting from an atlas of images. As a result, this work tryes to explore the extreme complexity of the “box” theme, relating it to the work of Emília Nadal, but also referring to the work of many other artists
- Automatic cyberbullying detection: A systematic reviewPublication . Rosa, Hugo; Salgado Pereira, Nádia; Ribeiro, Ricardo; Ferreira, Paula; Carvalho, Joao P.; Oliveira, Sofia; Coheur, Luisa; Paulino, Paula; Veiga Simão, Ana; Trancoso, IsabelAutomatic cyberbullying detection is a task of growing interest, particularly in the Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning communities. Not only is it challenging, but it is also a relevant need given how social networks have become a vital part of individuals' lives and how dire the consequences of cyberbullying can be, especially among adolescents. In this work, we conduct an in-depth analysis of 22 studies on automatic cyberbullying detection, complemented by an experiment to validate current practices through the analysis of two datasets. Results indicated that cyberbullying is often misrepresented in the literature, leading to inaccurate systems that would have little real-world application. Criteria concerning cyberbullying definitions and other methodological concerns seem to be often dismissed. Additionally, there is no uniformity regarding the methodology to evaluate said systems and the natural imbalance of datasets remains an issue. This paper aims to direct future research on the subject towards a viewpoint that is more coherent with the definition and representation of the phenomenon, so that future systems can have a practical and impactful application. Recommendations on future works are also made.
- Postmodernity doesn’t exist. Interview to Boris GroysPublication . Pombo Nabais, Catarina
- Eredità dei Regimi Ibridi e Qualità Democratica. Il Caso della SerbiaPublication . Castaldo, Antonino; Pinna, Alessandra
- SPANISH WAVE 3. Pre-election StudyPublication . Lobo, Marina Costa; Pannico, Roberto; Ros, Virginia; Silva, TiagoThis study is part of the MAPLE Project, ERC – European Research Council Grant, 682125, which aims to study the Politicisation of the EU before and after the Eurozone Crisis in Belgium, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Portugal and Spain. In each of these countries an online panel will be carried out just before and just after the legislative elections. This Report pertains to the pre-election survey of Spain Legislative elections 2019. Our questionnaire seeks to model the political context of political choices, and to understand the importance that European attitudes may have in voting behaviour. In Spain, we have partnered with Netquest. In this report we present a number of political attitudes broken down by partisanship in Spain. We are interested in the way in which partisan preferences are related to political attitudes, including national as well as EU issues. The target population is the General voting population aged >18 years old. The sample size is 3.007. The fieldwork was done using the Netquest online panel and took place between 27/03/2019 and 12/04/2019. The sample was designed using data from the Census 2011 to create a socio demographic matrix which crossed four variables: gender (male, female); age (18- 24; 25-54; 55+); education (up to secondary; secondary, more than secondary), region (Noroeste, Noreste, Comunidad de Madrid, Centro, Este, Sur and Canarias). The resulting dataset was weighted according to a weight combining gender (male, female), age (18-24; 25-54; 55-64; 65+) and education up to secondary; secondary, more than secondary), using, also in this case, data from the 2011 Spanish Census. To identify respondents’ partisanship we used the following procedure: the respondent was asked if s/he felt close to a party. To those who replied “no” in this question, they were asked if they felt closer to one party in particular. Those who repeated “no” in this second question were coded as “without party id”. All others were presented with a list of political parties from which they could choose the one they identified with. In this report, we only take into consideration parties which at least 5% of respondents identify with. One-way ANOVA analysis was performed to check whether the differences between party means are statistically significant. On national issues, differences tend to be significant between the left and the right party group, but not within them. On European issues the pattern is not so clear. Differences tend to be significant between PP, PSOE and Ciudadanos, vis a vis VOX, IU and Podemos. The results can be provided on request.
- Para a colocação do pensamento político-antropológico de Rousseau no seu verdadeiro trajetoPublication . Gouveia, JoãoO grande objetivo do Discours sur L’Origine et les Fondements de L’Inégalité Parmi les Hommes de Rousseau é a distinção entre qualidades essenciais e qualidades não essenciais da natureza humana, sendo as primeiras as mais representativas do género humano e estas as responsáveis pelas variações entre os indivíduos. Com base nesta distinção, o filósofo procura, ao longo das suas obras políticas, a fundamentação de um estado social que se encontre em harmonia com as qualidades essenciais dos homens. Importa, portanto, compreender como podem os homens controlar as características menos positivas da natureza humana, que quando fortalecidas podem conduzir a uma situação de irreversível conflito. Sendo a comunidade fundada por um exercício de permanente sobreposição das qualidades essenciais dos homens em relação às não-essenciais, importa também questionar em que medida terá essa comunidade algum tipo de estrutura organizativa, distinta da existência das pessoas singulares.
- Georg Simmel, Stefan George und der Erste WeltkriegPublication . Hammer, GerdInicialmente, a Grande Guerra foi recebida com euforia por muitos escritores e filósofos, entre eles Max Weber, Martin Buber, Max Scheler e também Georg Simmel. Para Simmel, a guerra era sinónimo de uma maior intensidade da vida, uma maneira de enfrentar / superar os nivelamentos da sociedade causados pela adoração do dinheiro (“Mammonismus”). Esta exaltação dos intelectuais perante a guerra não era comum a todos – conhecidas são as críticas duras de Georg Lucácz e Ernst Bloch ao entusiasmo bélico de Simmel. Sobre Stefan George, Simmel escreveu em 1901: „A sua arte é conhecida desde o início pelo desejo de agir exclusivamente como uma arte (...) a mudança fundamental é completa: que, ao contrário, todo o conteúdo é o mero meio para formar valores puramente estéticos.“ Assim, Simmel reconhece na estética de Stefan George a razão a partir da qual George vai rejeitar a guerra – ao contrário de muitos membros do círculo de George (George-Kreis) – e que tem a sua expressão no poema “A Guerra”, publicado pela primeira vez em 1917. Este contributo pretende demonstrar as razões filosóficas e estéticas relativamente ao entusiasmo pela guerra e a sua rejeição por Simmel e George, atitudes que não podem ser explicadas pela oposição militarismo/pacifismo, normalmente utilizada para distinguir apoiantes e críticos da guerra.
- The family traveling salesman problemPublication . Bernardino, Raquel; Paias, Ana Maria Duarte Silva AlvesConsider a depot, a partition of the set of nodes into subsets, called families, and a cost matrix. The objective of the family traveling salesman problem (FTSP) is to find the minimum cost circuit that starts and ends at the depot and visits a given number of nodes per family. The FTSP was motivated by the order picking problem in warehouses where products of the same type are stored in different places and it is a recent problem. Nevertheless, the FTSP is an extension of well-known problems, such as the traveling salesman problem. Since the benchmark instances available are in small number we developed a generator, which given a cost matrix creates an FTSP instance with the same cost matrix. We generated several test instances that are available in a site dedicated to the FTSP. We propose several mixed integer linear programming models for the FTSP. Additionally, we establish a theoretical and a practical comparison between them. Some of the proposed models have exponentially many constraints, therefore we developed a branch-and-cut (B&C) algorithm to solve them. With the B&C algorithm we were able to obtain the optimal value of open benchmark instances and of the majority of the generated instances. As the FTSP is an NP-hard problem we develop three distinct heuristic methods: a genetic algorithm, an iterated local search algorithm and a hybrid algorithm. With all of them we were able to improve the best upper bounds available in the literature for the benchmark instances that still have an unknown optimal value. We created a new variant of the FTSP, called the restricted family traveling salesman problem (RFTSP), in which nodes from the same family must be visited consecutively. We apply to the RFTSP the methods proposed for the FTSP and develop a new formulation based on the interfamily and the intrafamily relationships