Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2017-11-15"
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- Graffiti e street art : verdade lúcida e dogma convenientePublication . Noronha, Miguel Alexandre Pires de, 1970-; Pedro, António, 1953-For the last decades we have witnessed an artistic phenomenon on a global scale, which is particularly evident since the beginning of this millennium. It is characterized by interventions in urban environment, whether legal or illegal, using a variety of techniques and materials, predominantly in the fields of drawing and painting. A myriad of concepts, such as 'graffiti' and 'street art' among others, have been used in an attempt to define this phenomenon. These concepts are part of an already institutionalized and perhaps mystified narrative that presents these interventions as having been carried out in a spirit of rebellion, courage and transgression. However, a number of public and private institutions have sponsored events whose centrality resides precisely in so-called street art or graffiti, evoking their supposed critical intent and revolutionary potential in terms of political and social realities. In this context, there seems to be a general and fascinated acceptance of the image of urban artists as brave rebels who revolutionize the art world. However, if transgression is a marginal action in its nature, it seems impossible for it to become institutionally incorporated, since we know that the role of institutionalization is precisely to empty the unique character of events, presenting them as models for social behavior, turning them into integrated, standardized and repetitive practices. Thus, the obedient way of telling the story of disobedient artistic expressions is a hoax in which the authorized revolution, with a predetermined time and place, has been carried out by the writers, street artists or urban artists who are idolized as heroic criminals under the spotlight, but whose identity everyone knows, though pretending it's clandestine and transgressive. The subservience to the current historical narrative of graffiti, conceived with an exaggerated centrality in the USA, especially in New York, does not make sense. It leads us to forget the several historical moments before the official emergence of graffiti as it is presented today. It is inaccurate to overlook local particularities at the portuguese level, certainly rich in unique and decisive details, that form our own identity within contemporary street art, which deviate from that model. We are convinced that it is necessary to face critically the certainties that have been assumed as unquestionable, rejecting as absolute truths the reductive versions of the history of urban art. With this study we intend to verify the pertinence of the dominant discourse, unveiling the interests that support it. We will focus on concepts, techniques and historical facts, in a view that allows us to understand and demystify the intentionality of drawing in the public space within the framework of this artistic phenomenon. Our main goal is bringing up to light the lucid truths that oppose the convenient dogma
- The maternal genetic make-up of the Iberian Peninsula between the Neolithic and the Early Bronze AgePublication . Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna; Roth, Christina; Brandt, Guido; Rihuete-Herrada, Cristina; Tejedor-Rodríguez, Cristina; Held, Petra; García-Martínez-de-Lagrán, Íñigo; Arcusa Magallón, Héctor; Zesch, Stephanie; Knipper, Corina; Bánffy, Eszter; Friederich, Susanne; Meller, Harald; Bueno Ramírez, Primitiva; Barroso Bermejo, Rosa; de Balbín Behrmann, Rodrigo; Herrero-Corral, Ana M.; Flores Fernández, Raúl; Alonso Fernández, Carmen; Jiménez Echevarria, Javier; Rindlisbacher, Laura; Oliart, Camila; Fregeiro, María-Inés; Soriano, Ignacio; Vicente, Oriol; Micó, Rafael; Lull, Vicente; Soler Díaz, Jorge; López Padilla, Juan Antonio; Roca de Togores Muñoz, Consuelo; Hernández Pérez, Mauro S.; Jover Maestre, Francisco Javier; Lomba Maurandi, Joaquín; Avilés Fernández, Azucena; Lillios, Katina T.; Silva, Ana Maria; Magalhães Ramalho, Miguel; Oosterbeek, Luiz Miguel; Cunha, Claudia; Waterman, Anna J.; Roig Buxó, Jordi; Martínez, Andrés; Ponce Martínez, Juana; Hunt Ortiz, Mark; Mejías-García, Juan Carlos; Pecero Espín, Juan Carlos; Cruz-Auñón Briones, Rosario; Tomé, Tiago; Carmona Ballestero, Eduardo; Cardoso, João Luís; Araújo, Ana Cristina; Liesau von Lettow-Vorbeck, Corina; Blasco Bosqued, Concepción; Ríos Mendoza, Patricia; Pujante, Ana; Royo-Guillén, José I.; Esquembre Beviá, Marco Aurelio; Gonçalves, Victor S.; Parreira, Rui; Morán Hernández, Elena; Méndez Izquierdo, Elena; Vega y Miguel, Jorge; Menduiña García, Roberto; Martínez Calvo, Victoria; López Jiménez, Oscar; Krause, Johannes; Pichler, Sandra L.; Garrido-Pena, Rafael; Kunst, Michael; Risch, Roberto; Rojo-Guerra, Manuel A.; Haak, Wolfgang; Alt, Kurt W.Agriculture first reached the Iberian Peninsula around 5700 BCE. However, little is known about the genetic structure and changes of prehistoric populations in different geographic areas of Iberia. In our study, we focus on the maternal genetic makeup of the Neolithic (~ 5500-3000 BCE), Chalcolithic (~ 3000-2200 BCE) and Early Bronze Age (~ 2200-1500 BCE). We report ancient mitochondrial DNA results of 213 individuals (151 HVS-I sequences) from the northeast, central, southeast and southwest regions and thus on the largest archaeogenetic dataset from the Peninsula to date. Similar to other parts of Europe, we observe a discontinuity between hunter-gatherers and the first farmers of the Neolithic. During the subsequent periods, we detect regional continuity of Early Neolithic lineages across Iberia, however the genetic contribution of hunter-gatherers is generally higher than in other parts of Europe and varies regionally. In contrast to ancient DNA findings from Central Europe, we do not observe a major turnover in the mtDNA record of the Iberian Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age, suggesting that the population history of the Iberian Peninsula is distinct in character.
- Review of Nicholas Thoburn, Anti-Book. On the Art and Politics of Radical Publishing.Publication . Silva, FilipeWritten in an epoch marked by a growing sense of anxiety regarding the future of the book, Nicholas Thoburn’s Anti-Book. On the Art and Politics of Radical Publishing offers us a critical re-examination of what the book is – hence, the prefix ‘anti’ in the title of this elegantly designed and forcefully argued book. The ‘anti’ prefix, however, does not betray a discontent with books generally, but rather with (1) a specific category of books that the author associates with the capitalist mode of production, as well as with (2) an understanding of ‘print culture’ as an agent of standardization, dissemination, and fixity that had a significant influence over the historical development of modernity itself. The former position can be traced back to Deleuze and Guattari’s A Thousand Plateaus (1993), with its famous distinction between three fundamental dimensions in our understanding of the book: any book, so goes their argument, encapsulates a modern, self-enclosed, totalising image of the world (the book as a ‘root-book’), a modernist fragmented and decentred image of the world (the book as a ‘fascicular root-book’), and a post-modernist interrogation of the very separation between the book and the world it is supposed to represent (the book as a ‘rhizome-book’). The latter position follows Adrian Johns’ The Nature of the Book (1998), which was partly construed as a rebuttal of Elizabeth L. Eisenstadt’s argument for the material form of print as a positive agent of modernisation: the technical forms of printing are not inherently fixed and stable; rather, Johns shows, fixity and stability are continuously and precariously produced through them.
- Valor nutricional de leguminosas: comparação de sementes in natura, secas e germinadasPublication . Araújo, Cátia Filipa Gonçalves de; Oliveira, Maria Beatriz Prior Pinto; Rodrigues, Maria da Graça SoveralAs leguminosas ocupam um lugar importante na nutrição humana, sendo culturas amigas do ambiente. Este grupo de alimentos são uma boa fonte de proteína e fibra alimentar. Neste estudo, foi avaliada a composição nutricional de sementes de leguminosas, de origem brasileira, em diferentes estados (in natura, secas e germinadas). Foram analisadas 4 espécies, nomeadamente, Vigna unguiculata, Vicia faba, Cajanus cajan e Phaseolus lunatus. Foram analisados o teor de cinzas, proteína, gordura, fibra (total e insolúvel) por métodos AOAC. O teor de humidade foi determinado com uma balança equipada com lâmpada de infravermelhos. O teor de hidratos de carbono e fibra solúvel foi obtido, indiretamente, por cálculo. Os perfis de ácidos gordos e vitamina E (tocoferóis e tocotrienóis) foram determinados por técnicas cromatográficas, GC-FID e HPLC-FLD, respetivamente. Os teores de proteína variaram entre 19,6 e 28,8 % (peso seco). O teor de gordura variou entre 0,6 e 1,6 %. As leguminosas apresentaram elevados teores de fibra total (23,9 a 45,5 %) e os hidratos de carbono variaram de 24,3 a 45,3 %. Quanto ao perfil de ácidos gordos verificaram-se elevados teores de ácidos gordos polinsaturados. Em relação à vitamina E, destaca-se a elevada percentagem de tocoferóis (superior a 90 %), em relação aos tocotrienóis. De um modo geral, com a germinação, verificou-se um aumento significativo dos teores de cinzas, de fibra total e insolúvel nas sementes das espécies Vigna unguiculata e Cajanus cajan. Não se encontraram diferenças significativas no teor proteico. Por sua vez, nas espécies Vicia faba e Phaseolus lunatus observaram-se teores de fibra total e insolúvel superiores nas sementes secas, comparativamente às germinadas e também não se encontraram diferenças significativas no teor proteico. Verificou-se que, com a germinação, ocorre um aumento dos teores de gordura e hidratos de carbono. Os resultados deste estudo mostram a riqueza nutricional das leguminosas estudadas, sendo uma matéria-prima acessível, relativamente a outras fontes proteicas.