Browsing by Author "Garoupa, Nuno R."
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- A theory of international conflict management and sanctioningPublication . Garoupa, Nuno R.; Gata, João E.In this paper we analyze sanctioning policies in international law. We develop a model of international military conflict where the conflicting countries can be a target of international sanctions. These sanctions constitute an equilibrium outcome of an international political market for sanctions, where different countries trade political influence. We show that the level of sanctions in equilibrium is strictly positive but limited, in the sense that higher sanctions would exacerbate the military conflict, not reduce it. We then propose an alternative interpretation to the perceived lack of effectiveness of international sanctions, by showing that the problem might not be one of undersanctioning but of oversanctioning.
- War and peace: the european decolonization processPublication . Garoupa, Nuno R.; Gata, João E.Current historiography on the European decolonization processes has developed no general theory of these processes, but is rather a collection of case-based studies. Moreover, there is no consideration for counter-factual possibilities, including the analysis of those cases where independence has not occurred. In this paper we aim at constructing a rational theory approach to decolonization that can encompass the majority of historical cases. Our rational theory is constructed by considering the possible convergence, or divergence, of interests between central and local administrations, and the weight that each carries in the decolonization decision-making process. Our theory predicts that a high value colony will be more likely to experience a colonial war, whereas a low value colony is more likely to achieve independence in a peaceful manner. This observation has to be refined once we allow for the existence of a domestic game between hawks (pro-colonialism} and doves (pro-independence). We then study the strategic relations between the two players, native political organizations and the colonial power, and the domestic outcome.