Browsing by Author "Alves, S.P."
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- Heterosis for meat quality and fatty acid profiles in crosses among Bos indicus and Bos taurus finished on pasture or grainPublication . Gama, L.T.; Bressan, M.C.; Rodrigues, E.C.; Rossato, L.V.; Moreira, O.C.; Alves, S.P.; Bessa, R.J.B.Physicochemical properties and fatty acid profiles of meat from Bos indicus, Bos taurus and crossbred B. taurus× B. indicus bullocks (n=216), finished on pasture or grain, were used to estimate the effects of heterosis. Meat quality and fatty acid profiles generally benefitedwith crossbreeding, but the advantages from heterosis differed among finishing systems. The Warner–Bratzler shear-force in fresh and aged meat was reduced due to heterosis in pasture-finishing, but the effect was minor under grain-finishing. With pasture-finishing, heterosis caused an increase of 5% in CLA concentration, but few other changes in fatty acid profiles. In grain-finishing, heterosis caused a reduction in intramuscular fat and cholesterol, increased amounts of PUFA, n−6 fatty acids and PUFA/SFA ratio, and a decline in atherogenic index. The Δ9 desaturase estimated activity in crossbreds showed a behavior close to B. indicus, suggesting the existence of few loci and a dominance genetic effect on enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis and metabolism.
- The application of omics in ruminant production: a review in the tropical and sub-tropical animal production contextPublication . Ribeiro, D.M.; Salama, A.A.K.; Vitor, A.C.M.; Arguello, A.; Moncau, C.T.; Santos, E.M.; Caja, G.; Oliveira, J.S.; Balieiro, J.C.C.; Hernandez-Castellano, L.E.; Zachut, M.; Poleti, M.D.; Castro, N.; Alves, S.P.; Almeida, A.M.The demand for animal products (e.g. dairy and beef) in tropical regions is expected to increase in parallel with the public demand for sustainable practices, due to factors such as population growth and climate change. The necessity to increase animal production output must be achieved with better management and production technologies. For this to happen, novel research methodologies, animal selection and postgenomic tools play a pivotal role. Indeed, improving breeder selection programs, the quality of meat and dairy products as well as animal health will contribute to higher sustainability and productivity. This would surely benefit regions where resource quality and quantity are increasingly unstable, and research is still very incipient, which is the case of many regions in the tropics. The purpose of this review is to demonstrate how omics-based approaches play a major role in animal science, particularly concerning ruminant production systems and research associated to the tropics and developing countries
- The effect of Nannochloropsis oceanica feed inclusion on rabbit muscle proteomePublication . Ribeiro, D.M.; Bandarrinha, J.; Nanni, P.; Alves, S.P.; Martins, C.F.; Bessa, R.J.B.; Falcão-e-Cunha, L.; Almeida, A.M.Nannochloropsis oceanica is a microalga, highly concentrated in protein and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid). It has a recalcitrant cell wall that decreases nutrient digestibility. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of Nannochloropsis oceanica feed inclusion on the muscle proteome of fattening rabbits. Twenty rabbits were housed in individual cages for 5 weeks and were fed a control diet (n = 10) and one with 4.45% inclusion of microalga, replacing whole soybean meal (n = 10). After slaughter, samples of gastrocnemius muscle were taken for label-free proteomic analysis. A total of 1497 proteins were identified, 46 with differential abundance. Control rabbits had high abundance of proteins related to protein metabolism, suggesting higher muscle protein turnover. They also had higher abundance of structural proteins, suggesting a less tender meat by comparison with algae-fed rabbits. These had high abundance of proteins related to amino acid catabolism (Phe, Tyr) and synthesis (Gln). In addition, they had high abundance of proteins related to protein breakdown, overall suggesting that more tender meat may result from algae feeding