Afonso, AntónioRault, Christophe2010-10-142010-10-142008Afonso, António e Cristophe Rault. 2008. "Bootstrap panel Granger-causality between government spending and revenue ". Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão - DE Working papers nº 39-2008/DE/UECE0874-4548http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2363Using bootstrap panel analysis, allowing for cross-country correlation, without the need of pre-testing for unit roots, we study the causality between government revenue and spending for the EU in the period 1960-2006. Spend-and-tax causality is found for Italy, France, Spain, Greece, and Portugal, while tax-and-spend evidence is present for Germany, Belgium, Austria Finland and the UK, and for several EU New Member States.engPanel CausalityFiscal PolicyEUworking paper