Fonseca, Valter RGraca, Luis2022-08-252022-08-252019Clin Exp Immunol. 2019 Mar;195(3):302-3040009-9104http://hdl.handle.net/10451/54196© 2019 British Society for Immunology. This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model)The identification that T follicular helper (Tfh) cells is critical for the emergence of germinal centre responses prompted the study of CXCR5-expressing CD4+ T cell subsets in autoimmunity. However, circulating CXCR5-expressing T cells are heterogeneous by containing Forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3)+ T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells in addition to bona fide Tfh cells. Such heterogeneity may hamper the analysis of the contribution of specific follicular T cell subsets for autoimmune pathogenesis. Therefore, separate assessment of Tfh and Tfr populations offer greater opportunities for stratification of autoimmune patients, such as Sjögren's syndrome patients.engFoxp3Sjögren’s syndromeT follicular helper cellsT follicular regulatory cellsjournal article10.1111/cei.132451365-2249