Nunes, Ana BelaValério, NunoSousa, Rita Martins de2009-04-212009-04-212005Nunes, Ana Bela, Nuno Valério and Rita Martins de Sousa. 2005. "The long-run behaviour of the income velocity of money in Portugal: 1854-1992". Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão – GHES - Documento de Trabalho/ Working Paper nº 23-2005http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/826This paper analyses the behaviour of the Portuguese income velocity of money from 1854, when Portugal precociously accepted the rules of the gold exchange standard and the eve of the European Economic Union. The long run behaviour of income velocity of money in Portugal displays, throughout the entire period, a pattern in line with its relative economic and institutional backwardness. Only from the 1950s on, did a general process of modernization of the Portuguese economy take place. Economic growth was sustained and important institutional aspects related to monetary and financial factors were developed up to 1973. Portuguese income velocity of money displays the U-shaped pattern, which is also apparent in several case-studies concerning developed economies. However, the inflexion point of the trend is delayed to 1973 as a consequence of Portuguese relative economic and institutional backwardness and in line with the Spanish case.engEconomic HistoryVelocity of MoneyGolden-patternEuropean IntegrationPortugal (1854-1992)working paper