Caldeira, DanielNogueira Garcia, Beatriz2023-05-232023-05-232023Eur Heart J Suppl. 2023 Feb 14; 25(Suppl A): A12-A161520-765Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/57527© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Society of Cardiology. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Myocardial infarction (MI) is an acute clinical manifestation ischaemic heart disease, which is the leading cause of death worldwide. Infections also have an important burden worldwide, with lower respiratory infections being the worldwide leading cause of death due to communicable diseases. The relationship of MI with viral respiratory infections (including influenza and SARS-CoV-2) as a trigger has been well documented with significant associations. These infections can lead to Type 1 MI, where inflammation and vascular dysfunction, as well as the increased prothrombotic environment lead to atherothrombosis. Type 2 MI may also occur due to an imbalance of oxygen/blood supply and myocardial demand (hypoxaemia, fever, and tachycardia). The data from randomized controlled trials showing a potential benefit of influenza vaccination in coronary artery disease patients should not be ignored. This can be considered a further argument for the association of viral infections (influenza in particular) and MI.engAcute coronary syndromeCOVID-19Influenza vaccineMyocardial injuryTroponinjournal article10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suac1221554-2815