Adamo, RobertoNilo, AlbertoCastagner, BastienBoutureira, OmarBerti, FrancescoBernardes, Gonçalo J. L.2022-01-192022-01-192013Chem Sci. 2013 Aug 1;4(8):2995-30082041-6520http://hdl.handle.net/10451/50883This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications without requesting further permissions from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given.Primary examples in vaccine design have shown good levels of carbohydrate-specific antibody generation when raised using extracted or fully synthetic capsular polysaccharide glycans covalently coupled to a protein carrier. Herein, we cover recent clinical developments of carbohydrate-based vaccines and describe how novel cutting-edge methodology for the total synthesis of oligosaccharides and for the precise placement of carbohydrates at pre-determined sites within a protein may be used to further improve the safety and efficacy of glycovaccines.engjournal article10.1039/c3sc50862e2041-6539