Santos, TeresaMatos, Margarida Gaspar deSimões, CelesteMachado, Maria do Céu2017-04-192017-04-192015International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 20:3, 334-3450267-3843http://hdl.handle.net/10451/27492© 2015 The Author(s). Published by Taylor & Francis. This is an OpenAccess article distributed under the terms of theCreative CommonsAttribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the originalwork is properly cited. The moral rights of the named author(s) have been asserted.Objective: To examine the differences in the psychological well-being of Portuguese adolescents' (1) living with a chronic condition (CC) and (2) living with a CC and feeling it affects/not affects school participation. Methods: There were 5050 Portuguese adolescents as participants of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children/WHO. Results: Adolescents without CC often feel rarely or never ‘sad/depressed’, ‘irritated/bad humour’, ‘nervous’, ‘fearful’ or ‘so sad that it seems I can't take it’, compared with their healthy peers. Young people living with CC and feeling that it does not affect participation in school, often feel rarely or never ‘sad/depressed’, ‘fearful’ or ‘so sad that it seems I can't take it’, comparing with the ones with CC and feeling it affects school. All of these symptoms were higher in adolescents living with a CC. Conclusions: Adolescents living with a CC and feeling that it affects participation in school can be at a higher risk for a healthy psychological well-being. Future early interventions based on a ‘health assets’ approach should be implemented.engAdolescent healthChronic conditionHealth promotionHealth preventionPsychological well-beingjournal article10.1080/02673843.2015.1007880