Freire, João M.Gaspar, DianaVeiga, Ana SaloméCastanho, Miguel A. R. B.2016-04-192016-04-192015J. Pept. Sci. 2015; 21: 178–1851075-2617http://hdl.handle.net/10451/23445© 2015 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Despite the intensive study on the mechanism of action of membrane-activemolecules such as antimicrobial and anticancer peptides, most of the biophysical work has been performed using artificial model systems, mainly lipid vesicles. The use of these systems allows full control of the experimental parameters, and to obtain molecular-level detail on the action of peptides, the correlation with biological action is intangible. Recently, several biophysicalmethodologies have been translated to studies using bacterial and cancer cells. Here, we review biophysical studies on the mechanism of action of antimicrobial and anticancer peptides performed directly on cells. The data in these studies allow to correlate vesicle-based and cell-based studies and fill the vesicle-cell interdisciplinary gap.engCellVesiclePeptideMembraneBiophysicsSpectroscopyBacteriaAntimicrobialAnticancerLipidjournal article10.1002/psc.2741