Medeiros, Larissa de BritoAlves, Susana PaulaBessa, R.J.B.Soares, Juliana Késsia BarbosaCosta, Camila Neves MeirelesAquino, Jailane de SouzaGuerra, Gerlane Coelho BernardoAraújo, Daline Fernandes de SouzaToscano, LydianeTavaresSilva, Alexandre SérgioAlves, Adriano FranciscoLemos, Mateus Lacerda PereiraAraujo, Wydemberg José deMedeiros, Ariosvaldo Nunes deOliveira, Celso José Bruno deQueiroga, Rita de Cassia Ramos do Egypto2021-11-022021-11-022021-09-23Medeiros LD, Alves SPA, Bessa RJB, Soares JKB, Costa CNM, Aquino JD, Guerra GCB, Araujo DFD, Toscano LT, Silva AS, et al. 2021. Ruminant fat intake improves gut microbiota, serum inflammatory parameter and fatty acid profile in tissues of Wistar rats. Scientifc Reports 11:18963. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-98248-62045-2322http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/22465Research Areas: Science & Technology - Other TopicsThis study tested the hypothesis that naturally and industrially produced trans-fatty acids can exert distinct efects on metabolic parameters and on gut microbiota of rats. Wistar rats were randomized into three groups according to the diet: CONT-control, with 5% soybean oil and normal amount of fat; HVF-20% of hydrogenated vegetable fat (industrial); and RUM-20% of ruminant fat (natural). After 53 days of treatment, serum biochemical markers, fatty acid composition of liver, heart and adipose tissue, histology and hepatic oxidative parameters, as well as gut microbiota composition were evaluated. HVF diet intake reduced triglycerides (≈ 39.39%) and VLDL levels (≈ 39.49%). Transfatty acids levels in all tissue were higher in HVF group. However, RUM diet intake elevated amounts of anti-infammatory cytokine IL-10 (≈ 14.7%) compared to CONT, but not to HVF. Furthermore, RUM intake led to higher concentrations of stearic acid and conjugated linoleic acid in all tissue; this particular diet was associated with a hepatoprotective efect. The microbial gut communities were signifcantly diferent among the groups. Our results show that ruminant fat reversed the hepatic steatosis normally caused by high fat diets, which may be related to the remodelling of the gut microbiota and its anti-infammatory potential.engDietsConsunptionNutritionHealthTrans-11ObesityFoodCholesterolMetabolismModulationjournal articlehttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98248-6