SPECTRE: Standardised Global Spatial Data on Terrestrial SPecies and ECosystems ThREats

Abstract

Motivation: SPECTRE is an open-source database containing standardised spatial data on global environmental and anthropo-genic variables that are potential threats to terrestrial species and ecosystems. Its goal is to allow users to swiftly access spatialdata on multiple threats at a resolution of 30-arc seconds for all terrestrial areas. Following the standard set by Worldclim, thesedata allow full comparability and ease of use under common statistical frameworks for global change studies, species distributionmodelling, threat assessments, quantification of ecosystem services and disturbance, among multiple other uses. A web userinterface, a persistent online repository and an accompanying R package with functions for downloading and manipulating dataare provided.Main Types of Variable Contained: SPECTRE is a GIS product, currently with 21 geoTiff raster layers with an approximate1 × 1 km resolution.Spatial Location and Grain: Global (longitude −180–180, latitude −60–90) terrestrial database with a resolution of 30-arc sec-onds (approximately 1 × 1 km at the equator), converted from global sources of different original spatial grain, from 0.03 × 0.03to10 × 10 km.Time Period and Grain: The known time period for all sources present in SPECTRE varies from 1976 to 2020 (all but threeafter 1990), with a minimum temporal grain of 1 year.Major Taxa and Level of Measurement: Non-taxa-specific.Software Format: geoTiff and R.