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O cinema, cuja invenção decorreu ao longo do século XIX, provocou alterações no conceito de obra de arte devido, em grande parte, às características do seu modo de produção: é que ele é simultaneamente uma tecnologia, uma indústria e uma arte. O cinema constitui uma tecnologia que veio também modificar profundamente o modo de percepção humano. Nesse sentido, ele é denominado nesta dissertação uma tecnologia do conhecimento. Mas, sobretudo, a invenção do cinema acompanha uma tendência que se verificou em várias áreas de actividade humana, detectável durante todo o século XIX, e que tem a ver com uma nova atenção dada ao tempo. Na ciência, esta tendência manifesta-se em primeiro lugar nas novas disciplinas de terreno — a geologia, logo seguida pela biologia — nas quais são introduzidos novos conceitos (devir, temporalidade histórica, evolução) para descrever processos, quer dizer, para investigar o modo como os fenómenos decorrem ao longo do tempo. Esta dissertação vai investigar esta concomitância, esta sincronia entre a emergência de uma ciência que estuda os fenómenos enquanto processos e a invenção do cinema. Esta sincronia é sintomática de uma profunda mutação epistemológica que se manifesta, em primeiro lugar, num novo modo de pensar o tempo.
Cinema, an invention that took place throughout the 19th century, has brought about changes in the concept of a work of art, largely due to the characteristics of its mode of production: cinema is simultaneously a technology, an industry and an art. Cinema constitutes a technology that has also profoundly changed human perception. For this reason, in this dissertation, it is referred to as a technology of knowledge. Above all, the invention of cinema follows a trend that occurred in several areas of human activity, noticeable throughout the 19th century, which concerns a new attention given to time. In science, this tendency manifests itself in the new field disciplines — geology, soon followed by biology — in which new concepts (becoming, historical temporality, evolution) are introduced to describe processes, that is, to investigate the way in which phenomena take place over time. This dissertation will investigate this concomitance, this synchrony between a science that investigates phenomena as processes and the invention of cinema. This synchrony is symptomatic of a profound epistemological mutation that manifests itself, first of all, in a new way of thinking about time.
Cinema, an invention that took place throughout the 19th century, has brought about changes in the concept of a work of art, largely due to the characteristics of its mode of production: cinema is simultaneously a technology, an industry and an art. Cinema constitutes a technology that has also profoundly changed human perception. For this reason, in this dissertation, it is referred to as a technology of knowledge. Above all, the invention of cinema follows a trend that occurred in several areas of human activity, noticeable throughout the 19th century, which concerns a new attention given to time. In science, this tendency manifests itself in the new field disciplines — geology, soon followed by biology — in which new concepts (becoming, historical temporality, evolution) are introduced to describe processes, that is, to investigate the way in which phenomena take place over time. This dissertation will investigate this concomitance, this synchrony between a science that investigates phenomena as processes and the invention of cinema. This synchrony is symptomatic of a profound epistemological mutation that manifests itself, first of all, in a new way of thinking about time.
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Tempo Espaço visual Literacia Cinema Processo Time Visual space Literacy Process
