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Authors
Abstract(s)
O meio escolar influencia o comportamento alimentar infantil, considerando que muitas das refeições diárias são realizadas na escola e que este espaço é fulcral para a aprendizagem de hábitos de alimentação saudável. Assim, as refeições fornecidas devem seguir as orientações nacionais e ser adequadas às necessidades das crianças, sendo simultaneamente sensorialmente apelativas para diminuir o desperdício alimentar. Desenvolveu-se um instrumento de avaliação para avaliar a oferta e ambiente alimentar em escolas do 1º ciclo do ensino básico, que engloba parâmetros relativos às políticas alimentares, avaliação sensorial, segurança alimentar e desperdício alimentar, utilizando-se o método de pesagem e de estimativa visual. Para o cumprimento deste objetivo participaram no estudo 11 escolas inscritas no estudo COSI Portugal da região de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo, nas quais foi aplicada a Ferramenta de Avaliação. A caracterização escolar revela que as escolas apresentam preocupações com a melhoria da alimentação e redução da obesidade infantil apesar da ausência de política alimentares. Averiguou-se que os conhecimentos em segurança alimentar das assistentes operacionais são bastante heterogéneos, reforçando a necessidade de uniformizar comportamentos através da disponibilização de formação contínua. Verificaram-se diversos incumprimentos nas ementas, existindo itens a melhorar, nomeadamente, não preferência pelos peixes gordos, ausência semanal de leguminosas e baixa disponibilização de pratos de ovo. Ao avaliar o desperdício alimentar, observou-se que são desperdiçados cerca de 159 g por aluno, ou seja, 46,57% da refeição. Verificou-se que o método de estimativa visual subestima o desperdício real, avaliado pelo método de pesagem. Os resultados obtidos permitem afirmar que o ambiente alimentar escolar em Lisboa e Vale do Tejo possui oportunidades de melhoria, sendo necessário incluir novos modos de intervenção como a realização de aulas de culinária e hortas escolares. É relevante a realização de outros estudos neste âmbito para adotar estratégias focadas nas necessidades de cada escola.
The school environment influences children's eating behaviour, considering that many of the daily meals occur at school and this space is essential for learning healthy eating habits. Therefore, it is relevant that the meals provided to students follow national guidelines and are appropriate to children's needs, while being sensory appealing to reduce food waste. Aiming to assess food offer and school food environment in primary schools, an evaluation tool was developed which includes parameters related to food policies, sensory evaluation, food safety and food waste, using the weighing method and visual estimation. To fulfil this objective, 11 schools enrolled in the COSI Portugal study in the Lisbon and Tagus Valley region participated in the study, in which the Assessment Tool was applied. The school characterisation revealed that schools are interested in improving diet and reducing childhood obesity, despite the absence of food policies. It was verified that operational assistants’ knowledge regarding food safety is quite heterogeneous, underlining the need to harmonize behaviour through continuous training. There were several non-compliances in the menus, with some items to be improved, particularly, the lack of preference for fatty fish, weekly absence of legumes and low availability of egg dishes. When assessing food waste, it was observed that 159 g per student, i.e., 46.57% of the meal, is wasted. It was verified that the visual estimation method underestimates the real wastage, evaluated by the weighing method. The results indicate that the school food environment in Lisbon and Tagus Valley has opportunities for improvement, requiring the inclusion of new methods of intervention such as cooking classes and school gardens. It is relevant to conduct other studies in this area to adopt strategies focused on the needs of each school.
The school environment influences children's eating behaviour, considering that many of the daily meals occur at school and this space is essential for learning healthy eating habits. Therefore, it is relevant that the meals provided to students follow national guidelines and are appropriate to children's needs, while being sensory appealing to reduce food waste. Aiming to assess food offer and school food environment in primary schools, an evaluation tool was developed which includes parameters related to food policies, sensory evaluation, food safety and food waste, using the weighing method and visual estimation. To fulfil this objective, 11 schools enrolled in the COSI Portugal study in the Lisbon and Tagus Valley region participated in the study, in which the Assessment Tool was applied. The school characterisation revealed that schools are interested in improving diet and reducing childhood obesity, despite the absence of food policies. It was verified that operational assistants’ knowledge regarding food safety is quite heterogeneous, underlining the need to harmonize behaviour through continuous training. There were several non-compliances in the menus, with some items to be improved, particularly, the lack of preference for fatty fish, weekly absence of legumes and low availability of egg dishes. When assessing food waste, it was observed that 159 g per student, i.e., 46.57% of the meal, is wasted. It was verified that the visual estimation method underestimates the real wastage, evaluated by the weighing method. The results indicate that the school food environment in Lisbon and Tagus Valley has opportunities for improvement, requiring the inclusion of new methods of intervention such as cooking classes and school gardens. It is relevant to conduct other studies in this area to adopt strategies focused on the needs of each school.
Description
Tese de mestrado, Qualidade Alimentar e Saúde, 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia.
Keywords
Ambiente alimentar Desperdício alimentar Ementa Política alimentar escolar Teses de mestrado - 2023