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Abstract(s)
As relações que se estabelecem entre os estados do tempo, o clima, as alterações climáticas e o turismo são multifacetadas e complexas. O clima representa, tanto um recurso vital a ser explorado, como um importante fator limitante que apresenta riscos que podem ser geridos pelo sector turístico e pelos turistas. Esta investigação pretende perceber as relações que se estabelecem entre o clima e as suas alterações climáticas e o turismo, e as consequentes medidas de adaptação ao nível dos turistas. Procedeu-se a uma investigação exploratória inicial, para melhor ajustar os métodos às necessidades desta investigação. A fase empírica é apresentada sob a forma de problema: ―Como é que o turismo na Região de Lisboa se adaptará às Alterações Climáticas?‖. Tendo sido aplicada uma metodologia que compreendeu a análise dos vários cenários futuros previstos pelo IPCC 2013 e pelo SIAM e inquéritos aos turistas e posterior tratamento dos dados usando métodos de estatística descritiva e multivariada. Concluiu-se que a adoção de comportamentos de mitigação e adaptação perante cenários futuros diferem em função do segmento de turismo, do mercado emissor e das características dos turistas, nomeadamente, estrutura etária, género e nível de instrução. E que os turistas serão os que mais facilmente se adequarão às alterações climáticas e o seu comportamento, com base em cenários futuros, adaptar-se-á, visto que o valor médio de agradabilidade, na Região de Lisboa, é igual ou superior ao ponto intermédio da escala de medida, exceto no verão, no cenário mais severo de agravamento das condições climáticas. Assim, esta investigação pretende contribuir para a elaboração de políticas mais eficazes, numa abordagem bottom-up, para que se possam gerir os riscos relativos à variabilidade do clima, facilitando uma adaptação bem sucedida às alterações climáticas previstas.
The interface between weather, climate change and tourism is multifaceted and complex. The climate is both a vital resource to be used and an important limiting factor that poses risks to be managed by the tourism industry and tourists. The present research paper aims to understand the relationship between weather, climate change, tourism and the resulting measures tourists take to adapt. Initial exploratory research was undertaken to better adjust the methods to the needs of the present study. The empirical phase of this study is presented in the form of a problem: How will the tourism sector and tourists in the Lisbon Area adapt to Climate Change? To answer this question a methodology that included the analysis of various future scenarios provided by the IPCC 2013 (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) and SIAM (Climate Change in Portugal. Scenarios, Impacts and Adaptation Measures) was implemented. Tourists answered a questionnaire and the data was used to obtain descriptive and multivariate statistics. The study concluded that the adoption of mitigating or adjustment behaviours to future scenarios differs according to the type of tourism, outbound market and tourists’ characteristics, namely, age group, gender and level of education. It further concluded that tourists will more easily adapt to climate change and that their behaviour, based on future scenarios, will change accordingly, since the average value of pleasantness, in the Lisbon area, is at or above the average point on the measurement scale, except in summer, in a scenario where changes in weather are more severe. Thus, the purpose of this study is to contribute to the development of more effective policies, in a bottom-up approach, to manage the risk related to climate variability and change, therefore facilitating successful adaptation to climate change.
The interface between weather, climate change and tourism is multifaceted and complex. The climate is both a vital resource to be used and an important limiting factor that poses risks to be managed by the tourism industry and tourists. The present research paper aims to understand the relationship between weather, climate change, tourism and the resulting measures tourists take to adapt. Initial exploratory research was undertaken to better adjust the methods to the needs of the present study. The empirical phase of this study is presented in the form of a problem: How will the tourism sector and tourists in the Lisbon Area adapt to Climate Change? To answer this question a methodology that included the analysis of various future scenarios provided by the IPCC 2013 (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) and SIAM (Climate Change in Portugal. Scenarios, Impacts and Adaptation Measures) was implemented. Tourists answered a questionnaire and the data was used to obtain descriptive and multivariate statistics. The study concluded that the adoption of mitigating or adjustment behaviours to future scenarios differs according to the type of tourism, outbound market and tourists’ characteristics, namely, age group, gender and level of education. It further concluded that tourists will more easily adapt to climate change and that their behaviour, based on future scenarios, will change accordingly, since the average value of pleasantness, in the Lisbon area, is at or above the average point on the measurement scale, except in summer, in a scenario where changes in weather are more severe. Thus, the purpose of this study is to contribute to the development of more effective policies, in a bottom-up approach, to manage the risk related to climate variability and change, therefore facilitating successful adaptation to climate change.
Description
Tese de doutoramento, Turismo (Gestão de Destinos e Produtos Turísticos), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território, 2017
Keywords
Teses de doutoramento - 2017