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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este projeto estuda e desenvolve um modelo de suporte à tomada de decisão relativo às inspeções periódicas de manutenção de aeronaves da frota TAP. O objetivo é obter uma distribuição das inspeções dos aviões de forma a maximizar a sua disponibilidade para operação, ou seja, permitir que os aviões estejam disponíveis para voar o máximo tempo possível. Foram consideradas várias condicionantes para o problema, quer externas como internas ao grupo TAP. As inspeções são divididas em dois tipos, inspeções de tipo A e inspeções de tipo C, sendo que neste projeto apenas foi estudado o planeamento das inspeções de tipo A. O conjunto de aviões da TAP foi também dividido em dois grupos, aviões de tipo narrow body e aviões de tipo wide body. Ainda que existam algumas considerações específicas a ter em conta para cada um dos dois tipos de avião, no modelo de planeamento das inspeções, a generalidade das condicionantes são as mesmas, o que faz com que o modelo seja comum aos dois tipos de avião, excetuando algumas especificidades. Desenvolveu-se um modelo de otimização para o planeamento de inspeções do tipo A. Este modelo, baseado em programação linear inteira, pretende minimizar a diferença temporal entre o dia da inspeção e o último dia admissível para inspeção, o que conduz a um menor número de inspeções a longo prazo. Foi, ainda, considerada uma segunda função objetivo para o problema que, no decorrer do trabalho e após a análise de alguns resultados iniciais, foi considerada relevante para a distinção entre soluções ótimas alternativas no modelo inicialmente otimizado. Foi, assim, utilizada uma abordagem lexicográfica. O projeto foi desenvolvido em parceria com o grupo TAP Portugal, através da TAP Manutenção e Engenharia – área de Processos e Melhoria Contínua. Esta parceria possibilitou o estudo detalhado do problema e, principalmente, permitiu a utilização de dados reais e atuais nos testes computacionais. Com recurso aos dados disponibilizados, foram realizados testes para vários instantes de tempo e para cada um dos tipos de aviões da frota da TAP. Os resultados obtidos permitem fornecer, à TAP Portugal, informação útil e com qualidade, que pode ser utilizada e comparada com as soluções atualmente escolhidas pelo departamento de Manutenção e Engenharia da TAP Portugal. No final do projeto foi possível verificar a existência de potencial para reduzir de forma significativa os custos, através de menos inspeções, e aumentar as receitas, através de maior disponibilidade das aeronaves para poderem ser utilizadas em voos comerciais.
This project studies and develops a model for the decision support regarding maintenance periodical inspections of TAP fleet aircraft. The main goal is to get a distribution of the aircraf periodic inspections in order to maximize their operational availability, and thus to allow aircrafts to be able to fly as much as possible. Several conditions for the problem were taken in consideration, either external or internal from TAP group. Inspections are divided into two type of inspections, A check inspections and C check inspections, where in this project only the scheduling of A check inspections was studied. The TAP aircraft set was also divided into two groups, narrow body planes and wide body planes. Although there are some specifications to take into consideration at inspections model planning for each type of planes, most of the constraints are the same, which makes both aircraft types to share the same model except for some specifications. An optimization model for the scheduling of A check inspections was developed. This model, based on integer linear programming, aims to minimize the time difference between the inspection day and the last feasible day for the inspection, which leads to a lower number of inspections at a long range. A second objective function was also considered since, during the execution of the work and after the analysis of some initial results, it was considered relevant to distinguish between alternative optimal solutions for the model initially optimized. A lexicographic approach was used. This project was developed in partnership with TAP Portugal group, through TAP Maintenance and Engineering department – Continuous Improvement and Processes area. This partnership made it possible the detailed study of this problem and, mainly, allowed to use real and current data at the computational tests. Using the delivered data, test were carried out for several time sets and for both types of planes from TAP’s fleet. Obtained results allowed to deliver TAP Portugal useful and quality information that can be used and compared with current solutions chosen by TAP’s Maintenance and Engineering department. At the end of the project it is possible to realize the potential to significantly reduce costs, trough less inspections planned, and increase revenue, trough bigger aircraft availability to be used in flight.
This project studies and develops a model for the decision support regarding maintenance periodical inspections of TAP fleet aircraft. The main goal is to get a distribution of the aircraf periodic inspections in order to maximize their operational availability, and thus to allow aircrafts to be able to fly as much as possible. Several conditions for the problem were taken in consideration, either external or internal from TAP group. Inspections are divided into two type of inspections, A check inspections and C check inspections, where in this project only the scheduling of A check inspections was studied. The TAP aircraft set was also divided into two groups, narrow body planes and wide body planes. Although there are some specifications to take into consideration at inspections model planning for each type of planes, most of the constraints are the same, which makes both aircraft types to share the same model except for some specifications. An optimization model for the scheduling of A check inspections was developed. This model, based on integer linear programming, aims to minimize the time difference between the inspection day and the last feasible day for the inspection, which leads to a lower number of inspections at a long range. A second objective function was also considered since, during the execution of the work and after the analysis of some initial results, it was considered relevant to distinguish between alternative optimal solutions for the model initially optimized. A lexicographic approach was used. This project was developed in partnership with TAP Portugal group, through TAP Maintenance and Engineering department – Continuous Improvement and Processes area. This partnership made it possible the detailed study of this problem and, mainly, allowed to use real and current data at the computational tests. Using the delivered data, test were carried out for several time sets and for both types of planes from TAP’s fleet. Obtained results allowed to deliver TAP Portugal useful and quality information that can be used and compared with current solutions chosen by TAP’s Maintenance and Engineering department. At the end of the project it is possible to realize the potential to significantly reduce costs, trough less inspections planned, and increase revenue, trough bigger aircraft availability to be used in flight.
Description
Tese de mestrado em Estatística e Investigação Operacional, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2016
Keywords
Planeamento de manutenção Otimização Calendarização de inspeções de aeronaves Programação linear inteira Teses de mestrado - 2016