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Authors
Abstract(s)
A leucemia linfoblástica aguda de células precursoras B (LLAcpB) corresponde a 85% das
leucemias infantis a nível mundial. Nos países da OECD, a taxa média de sobrevivência das
crianças de 0-14 anos, entre 2010 a 2014, foi de 86.7% enquanto em países em desenvolvimento
essa taxa é inferior a 70%. A sobrevivência infantil com cancro em África chega a 70-80% em
5 anos. A implementação de novas técnicas como índice de DNA (DI) em países em desenvolvimento, como Moçambique, pode melhorar o diagnóstico e acompanhamento das crianças com
LLAcpB. Neste estudo, o diagnóstico foi baseado na morfologia de medula óssea (MO) e sangue periférico (SP) e a avaliação do DI foi determinado por citometria de fluxo, permitindo
correlacionar a quantidade de DNA presente nas células em fase G0/G1 do ciclo celular com o
número esperado de cromossomas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo padronizar e implementar
a técnica de DI nos laboratórios do Hospital Aristides Maltez (Bahia) e do Centro de Investigação e Treino em Saúde da Polana Caniço, CISPOC (Moçambique), como ferramenta de diagnóstico molecular para pacientes com LLAcpB. Foram avaliadas amostras de MO e SP, recebidas entre Dezembro de 2022 e 2023 da Bahia e Moçambique. Inicialmente a metodologia foi
padronizada na Bahia e posteriormente transferida para Moçambique. Na padronização usou-se
anticorpos monoclonais para evitar interferência com a faixa de emissão da fluorescência do
iodeto de propídeo. Os resultados indicam que o DI é um bom método para auxiliar na estimativa do prognóstico dos pacientes com neoplasias hematológicas.
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Bcp-ALL) accounts for 85% of childhood leukemias worldwide. Between 2010 and 2014, the average survival rate for children aged 0-14 years was 86.7% in OECD countries, compared to less than 70% in developing nations. In Africa, the survival rate for children with cancer is significantly lower than in developed countries, where the 5-year overall survival (OS) reaches 70-80%. The implementation of new techniques, such as the DNA index (DI), in developing countries like Mozambique could help improve the diagnosis and monitoring of children with B-ALL. In the samples analyzed, the diagnosis was based on the morphology of the bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB). DI evaluation was determined by flow cytometry, which correlates DNA present in cells during the G0/G1 cell cycle phase with the expected chromosome number. The study aimed to standardize and implement the DI technique in the laboratories of Aristides Maltez Hospital (Bahia) and the Polana Caniço Health Research and Training Center (CISPOC) in Mozambique as a molecular diagnostic tool for Bcp-ALL patients. BM and PB samples collected between December 2022 and 2023 from Bahia and Mozambique were analyzed. The methodology was initially standardized in Bahia, and then transferred to Mozambique. Monoclonal antibodies were used in the standardization to avoid interfering with the fluorescence emission range of propidium iodide. Results indicate that DI is an effective method for assessing the prognosis of patients diagnosed with hematological malignancies.
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Bcp-ALL) accounts for 85% of childhood leukemias worldwide. Between 2010 and 2014, the average survival rate for children aged 0-14 years was 86.7% in OECD countries, compared to less than 70% in developing nations. In Africa, the survival rate for children with cancer is significantly lower than in developed countries, where the 5-year overall survival (OS) reaches 70-80%. The implementation of new techniques, such as the DNA index (DI), in developing countries like Mozambique could help improve the diagnosis and monitoring of children with B-ALL. In the samples analyzed, the diagnosis was based on the morphology of the bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB). DI evaluation was determined by flow cytometry, which correlates DNA present in cells during the G0/G1 cell cycle phase with the expected chromosome number. The study aimed to standardize and implement the DI technique in the laboratories of Aristides Maltez Hospital (Bahia) and the Polana Caniço Health Research and Training Center (CISPOC) in Mozambique as a molecular diagnostic tool for Bcp-ALL patients. BM and PB samples collected between December 2022 and 2023 from Bahia and Mozambique were analyzed. The methodology was initially standardized in Bahia, and then transferred to Mozambique. Monoclonal antibodies were used in the standardization to avoid interfering with the fluorescence emission range of propidium iodide. Results indicate that DI is an effective method for assessing the prognosis of patients diagnosed with hematological malignancies.
Description
Tese de mestrado, Biologia Humana e Ambiente, 2024, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
Keywords
Leucemia aguda Leucemia linfoblástica aguda de células precursoras B Índice de DNA Imunofenotipagem Iodeto de propídeo Teses de mestrado - 2024