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Análise de quebras de abacate e abacaxi numa central fruteira
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Resumo(s)
O principal objetivo desta dissertação foi contribuir para a diminuição de quebras e desperdício de abacate e abacaxi na central fruteira sede do grupo Luís Vicente, analisando de forma crítica os parâmetros de avaliação da qualidade pós-colheita dos frutos, sugerindo novos métodos de avaliação não destrutivos
Inicialmente, quantificaram-se as quebras relativas a estes frutos durante os anos de 2018 e 2019, e analisaram-se os relatórios de avaliação da qualidade efetuados aquando as receções, de forma a identificar possíveis origens dessas quebras. Verificou-se que as principais quebras associadas ao abacaxi se prendem com questões relativas à duração do transporte, e as principais quebras associadas ao abacate se devem à heterogeneidade no estado de maturação dos frutos à receção.
Durante o estágio foi efetuado o acompanhamento da receção dos frutos estudados, e foram analisados todos os dados referentes a essa receção, de forma a verificar a homogeneidade dos lotes recebidos ao longo do tempo. Concluiu-se que não existem diferenças significativas nos abacaxis recebidos ao longo do tempo, e que ao contrário do demonstrado pelos relatórios dos anos anteriores, os lotes de abacate recebidos apresentam poucas diferenças significativas.
Por forma a compreender melhor a evolução da maturação dos abacates, foram elaborados testes de maturação onde se mediu a influência do tempo e da presença de etileno neste processo. Verificou-se que durante o processo, a heterogeneidade dos frutos dentro do lote se torna mais evidente, e que o processo mais indicado para a maturação destes frutos na central fruteira é a manutenção dos mesmos durante cerca de 32 horas a 22ºC.
A análise conjunta de todos os resultados permitiu concluir sobre a necessidade urgente de implementar métodos de análise não destrutivos que permitam aumentar a amostragem facilitando a identificação de todos os problemas inerentes aos lotes recebidos. Através da pesquisa bibliográfica, selecionou-se o método NIR (Espetroscopia de Infravermelho Próximo) como sendo o mais barato e multifacetado.
The main objective of this dissertation was to contribute to the reduction of avocado and pineapple breakage and waste in the fruit central headquarters of the Luís Vicente group, analyzing in a critical way the parameters of evaluation of the post-harvest quality of the fruits and suggesting new methods of non-destructive evaluation Initially, the breaks relating to these fruits during the years 2018 and 2019 were quantified, and the quality evaluation reports carried out at the time of the receptions were analyzed, in order to identify possible origins of these breaks. It was found that the main breaks associated with pineapple are related to issues of transport duration, and the main breaks associated with avocado are due to the heterogeneity in the state of ripeness of the fruits at reception. During the internship, the reception of the studied fruits was monitored, and all the data regarding this reception were analyzed to verify the homogeneity of the lots received over time. It was concluded that there are no significant differences in the pineapples received over time, and that unlike the reports of previous years, the lots of avocados received show few significant differences. To better understand the evolution of avocado ripening, ripening tests were prepared where the influence of time and presence of ethylene in this process were measured. It was verified that during the process, the heterogeneity of the fruits within the batch becomes more evident, and that the most suitable process for the maturation of these fruits in the fruit plant is the maintenance of them for about 32 hours at 22ºC. The joint analysis of all the results allowed to conclude on the urgent need to implement non-destructive analysis methods that allow to increase the sampling facilitating the identification of all the problems inherent to the batches received. Through the bibliographic research, the NIR method (Near Infrared Spectroscopy) was selected as the cheapest and most multifaceted.
The main objective of this dissertation was to contribute to the reduction of avocado and pineapple breakage and waste in the fruit central headquarters of the Luís Vicente group, analyzing in a critical way the parameters of evaluation of the post-harvest quality of the fruits and suggesting new methods of non-destructive evaluation Initially, the breaks relating to these fruits during the years 2018 and 2019 were quantified, and the quality evaluation reports carried out at the time of the receptions were analyzed, in order to identify possible origins of these breaks. It was found that the main breaks associated with pineapple are related to issues of transport duration, and the main breaks associated with avocado are due to the heterogeneity in the state of ripeness of the fruits at reception. During the internship, the reception of the studied fruits was monitored, and all the data regarding this reception were analyzed to verify the homogeneity of the lots received over time. It was concluded that there are no significant differences in the pineapples received over time, and that unlike the reports of previous years, the lots of avocados received show few significant differences. To better understand the evolution of avocado ripening, ripening tests were prepared where the influence of time and presence of ethylene in this process were measured. It was verified that during the process, the heterogeneity of the fruits within the batch becomes more evident, and that the most suitable process for the maturation of these fruits in the fruit plant is the maintenance of them for about 32 hours at 22ºC. The joint analysis of all the results allowed to conclude on the urgent need to implement non-destructive analysis methods that allow to increase the sampling facilitating the identification of all the problems inherent to the batches received. Through the bibliographic research, the NIR method (Near Infrared Spectroscopy) was selected as the cheapest and most multifaceted.
Descrição
Mestrado em Engenharia Alimentar / Instituto Superior de Agronomia. Universidade de Lisboa
Palavras-chave
quebras maturação central fruteira abacaxi abacate breaks maturation fruit plant pineapple avocado
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Gomes, D.A.C. Análise de quebras de abacate e abacaxi numa central fruteira. Lisboa: ISA, 2021, 70 p. Dissertação de Mestrado
Editora
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa